{"id":26580,"date":"2026-09-11T12:15:07","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T16:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/?page_id=26580"},"modified":"2026-09-11T12:15:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-11T16:15:07","slug":"trajectory-of-caregivers-of-people-living-with-serious-mental-health-problems","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-caregivers-of-people-living-with-serious-mental-health-problems\/","title":{"rendered":"Trajectory of caregivers of people living with serious mental health problems"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module et_pb_text_align_center preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center; opacity:0; font-size:1px; margin:0; padding:0;\">Trajectory of caregivers of people living with serious mental health problems<\/h1>\n\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rs-p-wp-fix\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<sr7-module data-alias=\"sante-mentale-en\" data-id=\"24\" id=\"SR7_24_1\" class=\"rs-ov-hidden\" data-version=\"6.7.58\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-adjuster><\/sr7-adjuster>\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_24_1-47\" data-key=\"47\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_24_1-47-67\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Periods of mental<br \/>stability for the<br \/>care recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_24_1-47-69\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Crisis episodes<br \/>among care<br \/>recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_24_1-47-71\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Episodes of <br \/>care for the <br \/>care recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_24_1-47-73\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Helping seeking<br \/>support for the <br \/>care recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_24_1-48\" data-key=\"48\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t<image_lists style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/traj_santementale_en_fond-2.png\" data-libid=\"27060\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Trajectory of caregivers of people living with serious mental health problems\" title=\"traj_santementale_en_fond-2\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA4L3RyYWpfc2FudGVtZW50YWxlX2VuX2ZvbmQtMi5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img 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preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_1 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_1 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_1 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center; opacity: 0; font-size: 1px; margin: 0; padding: 0;\">Trajectory of caregivers of people living with serious mental health problems<\/h1>\n\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rs-p-wp-fix\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<sr7-module data-alias=\"sante-mentale-mobile-en\" data-id=\"25\" id=\"SR7_25_2\" class=\"rs-ov-hidden\" data-version=\"6.7.58\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-adjuster><\/sr7-adjuster>\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_25_2-49\" data-key=\"49\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_25_2-49-67\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Periods of mental<br \/>stability for the<br \/>care recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_25_2-49-69\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Crisis episodes<br \/>among care<br \/>recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_25_2-49-71\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Episodes of<br \/>care for the<br \/>care recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-txt id=\"SR7_25_2-49-73\" class=\"sr7-layer\">Helping seeking<br \/>support for the<br \/>care recipient<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_25_2-50\" data-key=\"50\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t<image_lists style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/traj_santementale_m_en_fond.png\" data-libid=\"26686\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Trajectory of caregivers of people living with serious mental health problems\" 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preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_2 et_pb_row et_pb_row_4col et_block_row et_block_row_4col preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_4 et_block_column et_pb_column_empty et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_4 et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_4 et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_0 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-image--divi-transition--default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/trajectoire_santementale_english.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG.png\" alt=\"Download the infographic (PDF)\" title=\"trajectoire_t\u00e9l\u00e9charger infographie_ENG\" width=\"1727\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG.png 1727w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG-1280x364.png 1280w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG-980x279.png 980w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG-480x136.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 1727px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-14759\" \/><\/span><\/a><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_column_empty et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_3 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_6 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_3 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module et_pb_text_align_center preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">AUTHORS : Florence Potvin, L\u00e9a Delambre and Camille Girard-Marcil<br \/>GRAPHIC DESIGN : Julie Bri\u00e8re<br \/>WEBSITE ANIMATION : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaa.cc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[ ZAA.CC ] Design web<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Our thanks go to Natalie Boileau (family peer supporter, AMI-Quebec), Sylvie Constantineau (caregiver), Manon Dion (CAP sant\u00e9 mentale), David Ford Johnson and Val\u00e9rie Fortier (Arborescence), Marie-H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Morin (researcher) and Anne Pinsonnault (family peer supporter, La Boussole) for their invaluable contributions to this trajectory.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">To cite this document: Quebec Observatory on Caregiving. (2026). <em>Trajectory of caregivers of people living with serious mental health problems. <\/em>Sant\u00e9 Qu\u00e9bec West-Central Montreal Health and Social Services University Network.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_5 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_9 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_toggle_2 et_pb_toggle et_pb_toggle_item et_pb_toggle_close et_pb_module et_block_module list_spacing preset--group--divi-toggle--divi-transition--default\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_toggle_title\">References<\/h2><div class=\"et_pb_toggle_content clearfix\"><ol>\n<li>L\u00e9onard, M. et Institut universitaire de premi\u00e8re ligne en sant\u00e9 et services sociaux. (2024). <em>Pr\u00e9venir le suicide \u2013 Besoins et r\u00e9alit\u00e9s des groupes sp\u00e9cifiques. Les personnes ayant un ou des troubles mentaux<\/em> (No. 24-247-14W). Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et des Services sociaux du Qu\u00e9bec. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca\/msss\/fichiers\/2024\/24-247-14W_Fiche-TroublesMentaux.pdf\">https:\/\/publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca\/msss\/fichiers\/2024\/24-247-14W_Fiche-TroublesMentaux.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>L\u2019Appui pour les proches aidants. (2022). <em>Enqu\u00eate statistique sur la proche aidance au Qu\u00e9bec 2022<\/em>. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lappui.org\/documents\/142\/Appui_Enquete-Proche-Aidant-2022.pdf\">https:\/\/www.lappui.org\/documents\/142\/Appui_Enquete-Proche-Aidant-2022.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Canadian Mental Health Association. (2014). <em>Preventing suicide<\/em> [brochure]. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/cmha.ca\/brochure\/preventing-suicide\/\">https:\/\/cmha.ca\/brochure\/preventing-suicide\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Organisation mondiale de la Sant\u00e9. (2025, 6 mai). <em>Sant\u00e9 mentale dans les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em>. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/fr\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/mental-health-in-emergencies\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/fr\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/mental-health-in-emergencies<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Plante C. (2026, 12 juin). Le projet de loi 23 sur les hospitalisations forc\u00e9es est adopt\u00e9. <em>La Presse<\/em>. https:\/\/www.lapresse.ca\/actualites\/sante\/2026-06-12\/le-projet-de-loi-23-sur-les-hospitalisations-forcees-est-adopte.php<\/li>\n<li>Curateur public du Qu\u00e9bec. (2022). <em>Mon mandat de protection. Guide et formulaire.<\/em> Gouvernement du Qu\u00e9bec. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn-contenu.quebec.ca\/cdn-contenu\/curateur-public\/pdf\/form_broc_mandat.pdf\">https:\/\/cdn-contenu.quebec.ca\/cdn-contenu\/curateur-public\/pdf\/form_broc_mandat.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec. (2025, 17 septembre). <em>Sant\u00e9 mentale<\/em>. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inspq.qc.ca\/sante-mentale\">https:\/\/www.inspq.qc.ca\/sante-mentale<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>American Psychiatric Association (Ed.). (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5-TR (Fifth edition, text revision).<\/li>\n<li>Yuan, Y., Padgett, D., Thorning, H. et Manuel, J. (2023). \u201cIt\u2019s stable but not stable\u201d: A conceptual framework of subjective housing stability definition among individuals with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders. <em>Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 19<\/em>(2\u20133), 111\u2013123. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15504263.2023.2225357\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15504263.2023.2225357<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Gascon D\u00e9patie, M. et Houle, J. (2022). Exp\u00e9rience des proches aidants d\u2019une personne vivant un premier \u00e9pisode de trouble d\u00e9pressif caract\u00e9ris\u00e9. <em>Revue qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise de psychologie, 43<\/em>(1), 111\u2013129. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7202\/1088843ar\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7202\/1088843ar<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Gaudreault, D. (2020). Compte rendu de [Katharine Larose-H\u00e9bert, <em>Le silence sur nos maux. 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(2022). <\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD): A qua<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">lit<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">ative<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"> stu<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">y o<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">f female <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">careg<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">iv<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">ers<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"> diagnostic experiences<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"> <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">(<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">publication n<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW136960007 BCX0\" data-fontsize=\"10.5\">o <\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">28963860) <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">[th\u00e8se de doctorat, <\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">Al<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">liant Int<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">ernational Universit<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">y<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">]<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">.<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"> <\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">ProQuest Dissertations and Theses<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW136960007 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW136960007 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:210,&quot;335559739&quot;:210,&quot;335559740&quot;:300,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Corbi\u00e8re, M., Mazaniello-Ch\u00e9zol, M., Bastien, M.-F., Geoffrion, S., Briand, C., Lavoie-Tremblay, M., Hurtubise, A. et Tanguay, P. 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(2026). <em>Projet de loi n\u00b0 23, Loi visant principalement \u00e0 mieux accompagner les personnes dont l&#8217;\u00e9tat mental pourrait repr\u00e9senter un risque pour leur propre s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ou celle d&#8217;autrui<\/em>. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.assnat.qc.ca\/fr\/travaux-parlementaires\/projets-loi\/projet-loi-23-43-2.html\">https:\/\/www.assnat.qc.ca\/fr\/travaux-parlementaires\/projets-loi\/projet-loi-23-43-2.html<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>B\u00e9langer, S. (2026, 24 mars). <em>D\u00e9p\u00f4t du projet de loi 23 : Loi visant principalement \u00e0 mieux accompagner les personnes dont l&#8217;\u00e9tat mental pourrait repr\u00e9senter un risque pour leur propre s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ou celle d&#8217;autrui.<\/em> Coalition Avenir Qu\u00e9bec. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/coalitionavenirquebec.org\/fr\/blog\/2026\/03\/25\/depot-du-projet-de-loi-23\/\">https:\/\/coalitionavenirquebec.org\/fr\/blog\/2026\/03\/25\/depot-du-projet-de-loi-23\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>L\u00e9vesque, F. (2026, 24 mars). Hospitalisation forc\u00e9e et sant\u00e9 mentale : une loi pour \u00ab intervenir avant qu&#8217;il ne soit trop tard \u00bb. <em>La Presse.<\/em> <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lapresse.ca\/actualites\/sante\/2026-03-24\/hospitalisation-forcee-et-sante-mentale\/une-loi-pour-intervenir-avant-qu-il-ne-soit-trop-tard.php\">https:\/\/www.lapresse.ca\/actualites\/sante\/2026-03-24\/hospitalisation-forcee-et-sante-mentale\/une-loi-pour-intervenir-avant-qu-il-ne-soit-trop-tard.php<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_3 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_6 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_10 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_0 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_6\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"probleme-de-sante-mentale-grave\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_4 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_7 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_11 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_4 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>serious mental health problem<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_5 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The term \u201cserious mental health problem\u201d acknowledges situations where the difficulties experienced by the care recipient have significant and lasting impacts on their daily life, and consequently on the lives of their caregivers. <\/p>\n<p>Unlike \u201cmental illness,\u201d which tends to put the focus on diagnosis, the term \u201cmental health problem\u201d emphasizes lived experience and its practical consequences \u2014 particularly for caregiver support, responsibilities and adaptation \u2014 thereby better reflecting the diversity of individual life trajectories (102).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_0-popup-layout-26588\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_1 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_6\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"qui-sont-elles\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_5 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_8 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_12 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_6 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><strong>WHO ARE THEY?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_0 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeSTST.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeSTST.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-11612\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne de statistiques\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">STATISTICS<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart CommentHighlightPipeRest CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">In<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> 2016, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">close to one<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> million <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">Quebecers were estimated to<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> be<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> liv<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">ing<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> with <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">a <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">mental <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">health problem<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">representing roughly<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> 12% <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\">of the<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> population<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentHighlightPipeRest SCXW148814602 BCX0\"> <\/span>(1). Few figures are available concerning caregiving for this specific group in Quebec. However, a 2022 survey conducted by L\u2019Appui pour les proches aidants found that, of the 1,838 caregivers surveyed, 10% cared for a person with a mental health problem (2).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_7 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Mental health problems manifest as difficulties that affect an individual\u2019s psychological and emotional well-being and can present across multiple domains:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Cognitive (e.g., disorganized thinking, memory problems, difficulty concentrating) <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Affective (e.g., severe anxiety, emotional instability, turning inward) <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Behavioural (e.g., restlessness, impulsivity, social withdrawal) <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Functional (e.g., difficulty holding down a job, maintaining a routine or managing daily tasks) <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Across these domains, the continuum ranges from mild to severe (4, 7, 8).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_1 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png 222w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-10078\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">NOTE<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>This trajectory draws on a literature review and caregiver accounts that focus primarily on caring for someone with a serious mental health problem (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, personality disorder). However, some of the information presented in this trajectory can be generalized and applied to caregivers who support a person with other mental health problems. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_8 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Mental health caregivers are spouses, parents, children, friends, extended family members or any other significant person who provides support to a loved one living with a mental health problem, whether or not a formal diagnosis has been made.<\/p>\n<p>The caregiving trajectory is rarely linear. Instead, it follows a cyclical pattern of recurring and overlapping periods of crisis, support-seeking, recovery and care. This dynamic requires caregivers to remain flexible, accept the unpredictable and continually adapt to changing circumstances, reshaping the caregiver\u2013care recipient relationship over time (85).   <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_2 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-judiciarisation.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-judiciarisation.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" class=\"wp-image-24164\" alt=\"Sous-trajectoire : judiciarisation des probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 mentale\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Sub-trajectory: Judicialization of mental health problems<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Judicialization refers to the use of legal and judicial processes to manage certain exceptional situations related to mental health conditions (e.g., crisis episodes, treatment refusal, or imminent risk to self or others).<\/p>\n<p>Entry into the judicial process typically occurs in one of two ways. The first is when caregivers or those close to the individual request police intervention. While this course of action is entirely legal, it can place caregivers in a conflict of loyalties: in seeking to protect their loved one, they may find themselves initiating a coercive measure that could be experienced as a betrayal, with consequences for both the relationship and their own well-being (9). The second is when police involvement is initiated by members of the public or by professionals. While such interventions may be necessary in emergency situations, they can expose both the care recipient and their caregiver to responses that are a poor fit for complex mental health needs and may themselves be traumatic (10).<\/p>\n<p>For caregivers, the implications of judicialization can be particularly burdensome, adding to their strain: complex legal processes, barriers to accessing justice, a feeling of loss of control, increased stigmatization, and exhaustion associated with navigating both the legal and the health &amp; social services system (11). Caregivers may find themselves having to defend their loved one\u2019s rights, manage the consequences of court-ordered hospitalization, or cope with the criminalization of behaviours associated with mental health problems.<\/p>\n<p>Given the significance of this reality for mental health caregivers, you\u2019ll find callout boxes like this one throughout the trajectory, highlighting the effects of the judicialization of mental health conditions on caregivers.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_1-popup-layout-26709\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_2 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_11\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"genre\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_6 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_9 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_13 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_9 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>GenDER<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_10 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Women constitute the majority of caregivers overall, including in the area of mental health, where they often assume greater responsibilities within the family and social circles (147, 149). This predominance is largely explained by traditional gender roles, which tend to assign domestic and caregiving tasks to women. Women are also subject to high social expectations and may feel compelled to meet them, sometimes at the expense of their own well-being, thereby increasing their risk of becoming overburdened and experiencing chronic stress (93).<\/p>\n<p>In addition, women caregivers are affected by gender-based economic and social inequalities, making them more likely to reduce their working hours or experience a loss of income due to their caregiving responsibilities. This in turn can limit their access to appropriate mental health care for both themselves and the person they support (28).<\/p>\n<p>Male caregivers are likely to experience the role differently, due in particular to gender norms that value stoicism and discourage emotional expression or asking for help (159). Further research is needed to better document the specific needs of male caregivers and the barriers they may encounter.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_2-popup-layout-26721\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_3 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_13\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"age\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_7 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_10 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_14 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_11 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Age<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_12 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Age is a major factor in how caregivers experience caregiving. Young people, adults and older adults will experience it differently, depending on their stage of life, priorities and individual coping skills.<\/p>\n<p>When the caregiver is <strong>young<\/strong> (under 25), caregiving occurs during a period of significant transition \u2014 a time when their experience providing care is shaped by ongoing developments in their education, careers, social life and identity (136). To better understand the specific challenges they face,<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-young-caregivers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">see the Trajectory of young caregivers.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Adult<\/strong> caregivers are generally better able to understand the implications of mental health problems than younger caregivers and more likely to seek support (12, 97, 99).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Older adult<\/strong> caregivers face specific constraints related to aging. For example, their ability to provide consistent support or intervene effectively during crises may be affected by their own health. Advanced age can also bring greater concern for the future, as caregivers may worry about who will take over in their absence and how to ensure continuity of care for their loved one (96). Despite these challenges, the life experience of older adult caregivers can be a valuable asset, enabling a better understanding of service networks, more effective navigation of the health and social services system, and greater patience and empathy (28).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_3-popup-layout-26732\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_4 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_14\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"stigmatisation-discrimination\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_8 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_11 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_15 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_13 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Stigma and discrimination<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_14 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Society as a whole holds negative attitudes toward mental health problems (132). Caregivers generally perceive a lack of empathy for people living with mental health conditions, noting a failure to understand their limitations and difficulties (94). In contrast to physical illnesses, which generally elicit compassion, mental health problems frequently provoke blame, distancing and misunderstanding from family, friends, and society at large (14).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_3 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>With cancer, it seems like everyone wants to help, but with mental health problems, it\u2019s like everyone is afraid. It\u2019s ambiguous, harder to see. It\u2019s like they\u2019re not even people anymore \u2014 we hide them away. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Lyne, caregiver for her former partner (cited in 67) <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_15 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>People with mental health problems and their caregivers may also encounter structural stigma when accessing health services (76). Some caregivers report having their concerns dismissed by healthcare professionals; others describe being implicitly blamed for their loved one\u2019s condition, contributing to feelings of guilt. Caregivers may also experience stigma by association, whereby the prejudice and discrimination directed toward people with mental health problems also extend to family members and others closely connected to them (76).<\/p>\n<p>Stigma and social prejudice associated with mental health problems represent major barriers for both caregivers and care recipients, leaving many caregivers feeling isolated (94). Negative attitudes from society at large often manifest as discrimination and social exclusion, reducing self-esteem and discouraging help-seeking (37).<\/p>\n<p>Conversely, when caregivers are able to share their experiences with others without fear of judgment, they experience a sense of relief and feel better equipped to manage the situation (37). It is therefore essential to combat stigma and promote a deeper understanding of mental health issues within society.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_4-popup-layout-27026\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_5 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_14\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"situation-socioeconomique\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_9 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_12 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_16 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_16 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Socioeconomic situation <\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_17 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Caregivers who must balance employment and caregiving responsibilities often face difficult choices between maintaining their careers and supporting their loved one. Reducing working hours or leaving the workforce altogether to provide care can result in substantial income loss, directly affecting the quality of life of caregivers and their families (47, 110). Women are particularly likely to experience income loss associated with their caregiving responsibilities (28).<\/p>\n<p>These repercussions can be especially severe for caregivers in precarious, part-time or inflexible employment. The resulting financial strain can not only increase their psychological and emotional burden, but also limit their access to specialized private services (50). This is particularly true for caregivers supporting someone with a mental health problem, given the limited availability of public mental health services in Quebec (157).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_5-popup-layout-26746\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_6 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_9\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"appartenance-a-un-groupe-minoritaire\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_10 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_13 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_17 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_18 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Minority group membership<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_19 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Belonging to a minority group shapes the caregiving experience (48, 80).<\/p>\n<p>People from ethnocultural minority group may hold understandings of health, illness and healing that differ from those that predominate within the health and social services system. These differences can lead to misunderstandings, delays in seeking care and a mistrust of services (139, 140). <\/p>\n<p>Language barriers and being part of a racialized group can also make access to services more difficult, in part because of structural barriers to care and experiences of exclusion (57, 135). This is particularly true for Indigenous caregivers, whose collective history of colonization and intergenerational trauma can generate mistrust and fear of discrimination, in a context where existing services may not adequately meet their needs (137). <\/p>\n<p>Caregivers from 2SLGBTQIA+ communities also face specific challenges related to recognition of their role, stigma, and the risk of marginalization in certain family or institutional settings (138).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_20 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>It is essential that service providers understand how belonging to different minority groups can shape the caregiving experience. By adopting a respectful, inclusive, culturally responsive approach grounded in listening and attentive to each person\u2019s values and beliefs, service providers can help reduce barriers to accessing services while fostering trusting relationships and creating spaces where caregivers\u2019 unique experiences and needs are recognized and addressed. Such an approach can improve the quality of care, reduce feelings of isolation, and strengthen trust between families and the health and social services system (12, 135).  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_6-popup-layout-26804\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_7 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_10\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"organisation-et-acces\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_11 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_14 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_18 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_21 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Service organization and access <\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_22 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Services for people living with mental health problems are generally perceived by caregivers as helpful when they are accessible, available and delivered with compassion (143). However, many caregivers also report ongoing dissatisfaction with existing service structures (144).<\/p>\n<p>Systemic barriers create significant hurdles that limit access to care. These include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A <strong>lack of mental health resources<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Staff turnover<\/strong> and inadequate information-sharing among professionals, both of which are sources of frustration for caregivers:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_4 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>We kept on getting sick of telling our same story to different people.<br \/><strong>Caregiver (cited in 50)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_23 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><ul>\n<li>The <strong>complexity of admission procedures for hospital services<\/strong> (150).<\/li>\n<li>A <strong>lack of clear information about the available services<\/strong>, making it particularly difficult for caregivers to navigate the system (150).<\/li>\n<li>A <strong>shortage of spaces in youth mental health resources<\/strong>, forcing some young people into adult treatment settings \u2014 a stressful situation for both the young people and their caregivers:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_5 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>There was no way he should ever have been in a place like that when he was 16, 17 years old, but they had nowhere else to put him. It\u2019s scary I think.  <br \/><strong>Caregiver (cited in 50)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_24 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Some caregivers face additional barriers to service access that are related to financial, geographic, linguistic or cultural factors. This is particularly the case for caregivers who live in remote areas, are experiencing poverty, or belong to an ethnocultural minority group (150). The stigma surrounding mental health problems also discourages people from seeking help and further complicates access to services (151, 152, 153).  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_7-popup-layout-26773\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_8 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_7\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"lien-avec-la-personne-aidee\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_12 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_15 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_19 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_25 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Relationship with the care recipient<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_26 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The relationship between the caregiver and care recipient influences the caregiving trajectory by shaping the tensions, expectations and forms of support that emerge.<\/p>\n<p>When the caregiver is a <strong>young person supporting a parent with mental health problems<\/strong>, they may be required to assume significant emotional, organizational or domestic responsibilities \u2014 tasks that generally exceed what is typically expected of someone their age or within the context of a parent\u2013child relationship. This role reversal can create tensions, particularly between the parent\u2019s need for support and the young person\u2019s developmental needs (136). To better understand the issues specific to young caregivers supporting a parent with mental health issues, see the <span><a href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-young-caregivers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Trajectory of young caregivers<\/strong><\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>When the caregiver is a <strong>parent<\/strong>, caregiving often begins with the first signs of a mental health problem, which can occur during their child\u2019s adolescence or early adulthood (25, 95). For parents, caregiving responsibilities tend to extend over the long term. This sustained involvement can gradually lead to burnout, compounded by the psychological burden of a responsibility perceived as both unconditional and unending (25, 95). The considerable moral pressure that typically accompanies the parental role may also give rise to feelings of guilt or failure.<\/p>\n<p>When the caregiver is a <strong>spouse or partner<\/strong>, the shift in the couple\u2019s dynamic presents a different set of challenges. Chief among these is the need for the caregiving spouse to balance the dual role of intimate partner and carer (39). Spousal caregiving affects not only the practical aspects of daily life, but also the couple\u2019s intimacy and overall balance, sometimes at the cost of relationship deterioration, loyalty conflicts and psychological distress (53). This type of caregiving is also associated with a greater financial burden (95).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_27 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Beyond the caregiver\u2013care recipient relationship, caregiving also affects family dynamics and the wider social circle. Emerging tensions related to caregiving, recurring conflicts or a negative emotional climate can place strain on the caregiver\u2019s support network (2). Conversely, some families function as a strong support system, facilitating the sharing of responsibilities and more effective care management.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Understanding the relational dynamics between caregivers, care recipients and their broader circle is essential for adapting support interventions and addressing caregivers\u2019 specific needs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_8-popup-layout-26785\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_9 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_15\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"duree-intensite-du-soutien\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_13 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_16 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_20 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_28 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Dur\u00e9e et intensit\u00e9 du soutien par les PPA<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_29 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Les PPA qui soutiennent un\u00b7e proche vivant avec des probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 mentale assument souvent une grande diversit\u00e9 de responsabilit\u00e9s, et ce, sur de longues p\u00e9riodes. L\u2019intensit\u00e9 du soutien offert par les PPA d\u00e9pend des difficult\u00e9s v\u00e9cues par la personne accompagn\u00e9e, de la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 des probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 mentale et de l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 des ressources (55).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Les responsabilit\u00e9s de proche aidance peuvent \u00eatre regroup\u00e9es en trois types\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Soutien \u00e9motionnel<\/strong>: Centrale en sant\u00e9 mentale, ce type de soutien inclut l\u2019\u00e9coute, la pr\u00e9sence rassurante, l\u2019appui affectif, la validation des \u00e9motions et les encouragements dans les moments de doute, de d\u00e9tresse ou de crise. Il implique souvent des contacts r\u00e9guliers, par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone, messages ou visites, qui permettent de maintenir un lien stable et s\u00e9curisant (75).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Soutien pratique<\/strong>: Ce type de soutien peut inclure l\u2019aide aux activit\u00e9s de la vie quotidienne (ex.\u00a0: pr\u00e9paration des repas, entretien de la maison, soins personnels, etc.), l\u2019aide financi\u00e8re ponctuelle, la gestion du budget et l\u2019aide dans les d\u00e9marches telles que la recherche d\u2019un emploi, de logement ou l\u2019organisation des d\u00e9placements quotidiens (54, 75).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Soutien logistique<\/strong>: Ce type de soutien comprend l\u2019ensemble des t\u00e2ches d\u2019organisation et de coordination li\u00e9es \u00e0 la gestion des soins de sant\u00e9 de la personne accompagn\u00e9e (74). Il comprend la prise de rendez-vous, la planification des d\u00e9placements, le renouvellement des ordonnances, le suivi de la m\u00e9dication ainsi que la communication r\u00e9guli\u00e8re avec les professionnel\u00b7le\u00b7s de la sant\u00e9 et des services sociaux. Dans certains cas, les PPA endossent un r\u00f4le de gestionnaires des informations m\u00e9dicales, en veillant \u00e0 ce que tou\u00b7te\u00b7s les intervenant\u00b7e\u00b7s disposent des renseignements n\u00e9cessaires aux soins (74, 75). Ce r\u00f4le, qui s\u2019av\u00e8re crucial pour \u00e9viter les ruptures de services, assurer la continuit\u00e9 des soins et faciliter l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux ressources existantes, exige des comp\u00e9tences organisationnelles, mais aussi une capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 comprendre les syst\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 et de services sociaux (74, 75). Les PPA se heurtent fr\u00e9quemment \u00e0 des obstacles majeurs li\u00e9s \u00e0 la confidentialit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la protection des renseignements personnels, qui limitent leur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des informations pourtant indispensables pour coordonner ad\u00e9quatement les soins de leur proche et le soutenir (78, 117<span>).\u00a0<\/span><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>La proche aidance en sant\u00e9 mentale se distingue d\u2019autres formes de proche aidance par la complexit\u00e9 et la nature souvent invisible des besoins de la personne accompagn\u00e9e. Les responsabilit\u00e9s de proche aidance sont fr\u00e9quemment sous-estim\u00e9es et \u2014 comme pour les autres formes de proche aidance \u2014 per\u00e7ues comme \u00ab\u2009naturelles\u2009\u00bb, relevant des liens affectifs ou familiaux, plut\u00f4t que comme un r\u00f4le exigeant mobilisant temps, \u00e9nergie et comp\u00e9tences (13). Or, il est estim\u00e9 qu\u2019environ 30\u00a0% des PPA en sant\u00e9 mentale consacrent plus de 10 heures par semaine aux t\u00e2ches d\u2019accompagnement, et pr\u00e8s de 15\u00a0% y consacrent plus de 20 heures par semaine (99).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_6 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>C\u2019est beaucoup d\u2019investissement de temps puis c\u2019est dur \u00e0 chiffrer. Des fois j\u2019essayais de penser combien d\u2019heures par semaine que je fais [pour soutenir mon conjoint], mais je ne suis pas capable de le dire parce que c\u2019est trop de petits moments surajout\u00e9s, parce que mettons faire la bouffe, aller \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9picerie, faire le m\u00e9nage, prendre les rendez-vous, \u00e9crire les notes, faire des rappels, aider \u00e0 mettre un bas, aller chercher une affaire pour lui. Tout \u00e7a, au final, \u00e7a prend beaucoup de temps.<br \/><strong>Camille, proche aidante de son conjoint (cit\u00e9e dans 67)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_9-popup-layout-26798\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_10 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_16\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"type-severite-des-problemes\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_14 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_17 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_21 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_30 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Mental health problem types and severity<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_31 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Mental health problems can present in various forms. Depending on their nature, severity and progression, they can significantly affect an individual\u2019s autonomy, as well as their ability to maintain stable social relationships, make informed decisions, or manage their overall health (8). Diagnoses frequently associated with a need for sustained support include psychotic, bipolar, anxiety, severe depressive, and personality disorders (8, 12, 102).<\/p>\n<p>The nature of a mental health problem also shapes how caregivers organize and provide their support, whether or not a formal diagnosis is present (100, 154).<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Schizophrenia<\/strong> may require constant monitoring for signs of relapse, management of antipsychotic medication side effects, and close coordination with psychiatric care teams (39).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bipolar disorder<\/strong> can involve alternating periods of stability and phases of major depression or mania that call for sustained vigilance, a high degree of adaptability and knowledge of early warning signs (57, 58).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Major depression<\/strong> may require caregivers to cope with the care recipient\u2019s emotional withdrawal and assume increasing responsibility for daily activities (141).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Borderline personality disorder<\/strong> is associated with particularly high levels of caregiver burden due to the intense interpersonal difficulties that characterize it, often generating feelings of guilt, helplessness and despair among caregivers (88).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eating disorders<\/strong> often require caregivers to monitor eating-related behaviours around mealtimes, which can be a significant source of interpersonal tension and give rise to feelings of guilt (142).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anxiety disorders<\/strong> often lead caregivers to alter their own lifestyles to avoid exposing their loved one to stress, which can result in significant emotional fatigue (56).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The type and severity of the mental health problem thus directly influence the caregiver\u2019s responsibilities (89).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_10-popup-layout-26699\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_11 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_17\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"entree-en-proche-aidance\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_15 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_18 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_22 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_32 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>ENTRY INTO CAREGIVING<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_33 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>When mental health problems first emerge, caregivers often experience confusion and a sense of helplessness in response to their loved one\u2019s behaviour (12).<\/p>\n<p>A key challenge during this period is recognizing emerging symptoms for what they are and judging their severity. Recognition is not always immediate: early indicators of distress \u2014 including social withdrawal, unusual behaviour, mood fluctuations or incoherent speech \u2014 are often perceived as temporary or attributed to other causes, particularly among young people (13,14).  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_7 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>My son was 17 when he had his psychotic break. I thought he was just being a typical rebellious teenager . . . he smoked pot. He didn\u2019t get violent. He was so scared and I didn\u2019t know what else to do with him. I took him to [the hospital] . . . after about 15 hours convincing them that I was not taking him home, they admitted him. <br \/><strong>Caregiver (cited in 14)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_34 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>An acute crisis episode, particularly when it occurs for the first time, is often a critical turning point that disrupts established relationship patterns and demands immediate adaptation (15, 91). The onset of caregiving frequently coincides with this period, compelling caregivers to rapidly reorganize daily routines while developing the knowledge, skills and capacities needed to support the person (17). <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_8 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS AT THE ONSET OF CAREGIVING<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>When they first take on the caregiving role, caregivers often have little knowledge about mental health problems or the available support services. This lack of knowledge can make it difficult to know where to turn, which can heighten feelings of uncertainty and helplessness (18). <strong>Providing targeted support early in the caregiving trajectory<\/strong> is therefore essential, combining accessible information with practical assistance to help caregivers understand their role and access the appropriate resources (18).  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_11-popup-layout-26815\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_12 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_8\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"periodes-de-stabilite\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_16 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_19 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_23 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_35 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Periods of mental stability for the care recipient<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_36 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Periods of stability are intervals during which the symptoms of a person living with a mental health problem are controlled or significantly reduced, improving their overall functioning. Whether temporary or long-term, these periods often bring hope to caregivers, as the possibility of sustained well-being and recovery appears more attainable (10). They also represent valuable opportunities for caregivers to attend to their own health and well-being. The stability they afford can allow families to reconfigure their routines and redefine how best to support the evolving needs of the person receiving care (113).   <\/p>\n<p>Such periods can also provide an opportunity for both caregiver and care recipient to step back and develop a greater acceptance of the mental health condition. For people living with a mental health problem, acceptance can encourage active engagement in developing coping skills and is associated with a better quality of life, less distress and a reduction in some symptoms (79, 80). For caregivers, acceptance can likewise support adjustment by fostering a better understanding of behaviours associated with mental health problems, helping them reassess expectations and adapt the support they provide (79).   <\/p>\n<p>Still, these periods should not be mistaken for recovery. In mental health, recovery is a personal and ongoing process that goes beyond reducing symptoms or maintaining a stable state. It involves drawing on personal strengths, developing new skills, and learning to live with the challenges of a mental health condition while continuing to pursue personal goals and potential (64). In this process, caregivers play a vital role by providing emotional and relational support, fostering a sense of belonging, and reducing isolation, all of which are essential to recovery. Their presence and commitment can also help the care recipient feel heard, respected in their choices, and more confident in exercising their autonomy. Caregivers further contribute by creating a safe and supportive environment in which the person can try new approaches, make decisions, and learn from both successes and setbacks (81).    <\/p>\n<p>This involvement, however, can come at a significant cost to the caregiver\u2019s own health, particularly when caregiving becomes intense or all-consuming (52, 101, 118). The role can place considerable physical and psychological demands on caregivers, especially over long periods marked by uncertainty and the need for constant vigilance (54). Nor does vigilance necessarily diminish during periods of stability. Even when their loved one\u2019s condition improves, many caregivers remain on high alert, watching for early signs of relapse (74). Over time, this persistent state of alertness can evolve into hypervigilance, giving rise to ongoing anticipatory stress that is difficult to switch off (72). In the longer term, caregivers may also experience social isolation, financial strain, disruptions to their employment or education, and emotional challenges such as persistent worry, frustration and feelings of helplessness (69).     <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_12-popup-layout-26825\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_13 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_8\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"periodes-de-crise\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_17 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_20 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_24 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_37 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Crisis episodes among care recipient<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_38 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Mental health crises occur when the person being supported experiences a worsening of their difficulties. This can manifest as a significant disruption in their psychological, emotional or behavioural state, making everyday life and relationships harder to manage. Crisis episodes can take many forms, including psychotic symptoms, increased substance use, periods of housing instability or homelessness, and suicidal behaviours.<\/p>\n<p>These periods often require prompt intervention (i.e., at the first signs) to prevent the situation from worsening or risks to the person or others from escalating (18). For caregivers, such periods are particularly challenging. Not only do caregiving responsibilities increase, but witnessing the suffering of a loved one is, in and of itself, an emotional ordeal (18, 90).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_9 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Knowing the other is suffering and feeling like you can do nothing to help is heartbreaking. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Am\u00e9lie, caregiver to her father (cited in 67)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_39 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Furthermore, some crises are particularly acute, going so far as to encompass violent or risky behaviour. Caregivers must remain highly vigilant in these situations, which may involve significant safety concerns (16, 19, 20, 21).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_40 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>First crisis episode<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>During a first crisis \u2014 which may also mark the start of caregiving \u2014 caregivers often know very little about mental health issues or the available support services. As a result, they can feel confused, overwhelmed and helpless (18, 64).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_41 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Relapse<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The recurrence or worsening of mental health problems, also referred to as relapse, occurs when clinical manifestations return or intensify following a period of stability, improvement or progress toward recovery. These episodes can vary in severity and duration and often present a major challenge (23, 24).<\/p>\n<p>For caregivers, relapse frequently involves a rapid decline in the care recipient\u2019s mental health, generating a sense of urgency and heightened concern or fear (102). In response, caregivers often become more vigilant and may need to adjust the support they provide (26). Over time, this can increase their emotional and physical strain, contribute to chronic stress and heighten the risk of burnout, particularly when crisis management seems part of an endless cycle of stability and relapse (27).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_42 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Suicidal thoughts or behaviours<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Supporting someone with mental health problems who is experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviours can expose caregivers to high levels of stress and emotional distress. Beyond the immediate crisis, caregivers may feel the need to remain constantly \u201con guard\u201d for signs of suicidal risk \u2014 a pressure that significantly adds to their burden.<\/p>\n<p>Suicide attempts are particularly traumatic for caregivers, generating feelings of helplessness, guilt and intense fear (28, 29). Crises involving risky behaviours \u2014 for example, suicidal threats or self-harm \u2014 require rapid intervention to ensure the person\u2019s safety (3). At such times, caregivers must manage not only their own emotional reactions, but also the distress of other family members or friends, all the while seeking timely help for their loved one (90).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_43 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Substance use<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Periods in which a care recipient experiences both mental health problems and substance use (e.g., alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, non-prescribed medication) are particularly complex. Not only can substance use exacerbate anxiety, depression or psychotic symptoms (30), but these periods are often accompanied by risky behaviours and significant instability (31). Caregivers therefore face a dual challenge: supporting their loved one while managing the ways in which substance use compounds their mental health difficulties.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_44 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Housing instability or homelessness<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>When a care recipient experiences housing instability, the caregiving burden intensifies considerably, accompanied by heightened uncertainty, greater stress and a higher risk of burnout (32). Caregivers must often provide support in contexts of extreme instability while finding temporary solutions to ensure the person\u2019s safety (33). With access to mental health and housing services severely limited, caregivers frequently find themselves forced to coordinate support on their own (34).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_10 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png 222w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-10078\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">NOTE<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>\u201cHousing instability\u201d is a situation in which a person lacks stable, safe and permanent housing, may include episodes of homelessness, precarious housing, frequent moves or forced cohabitation (9).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_45 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Unstable housing conditions and exposure to unpredictable environments can also worsen the care recipient\u2019s mental health, further compounding the caregiver\u2019s burden and stress (41, 65). Caregivers often play a direct role in maintaining housing stability, whether by taking their loved one into their own home, helping to cover rent, managing administrative tasks, or liaising with landlords and services. In doing so, they may fear that pulling back, declining requests or setting limits on their availability could deprive their loved one of support that is essential to keeping them housed, ultimately leading to housing loss or homelessness. This fear often causes caregivers to push past their own limits, at a cost to their well-being (102).<\/p>\n<p>When caregivers lose contact with the care recipient for an extended period, the caregiving trajectory may be paused or come to an end entirely \u2014 a difficult moment that can involve grief, painful questioning and a need to reorganize one\u2019s life (103).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_11 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Caregiver needs during crisis periods: recognition, resources and support<\/h2><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>During periods of crisis, caregivers report an urgent need for support to help them respond effectively to their loved one\u2019s needs while protecting their own health and well-being. Key needs include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Access to resource and services for the care recipient <\/strong>(66).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Access to clear, accessible information<\/strong> about the nature of the crisis, the available care and support options, and appropriate next steps. Such information can reduce feelings of isolation and facilitate the coordination of support (92). Better information about early warning signs of deterioration and crisis management strategies has also been shown to improve caregivers\u2019 quality of life (66, 42).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enhanced psychosocial support<\/strong>, including emotional support and practical guidance in their caregiving role, to help caregivers cope with the intense stress and emotional burden associated with crisis situations (92).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Preventive strategies<\/strong>, such as developing safety plans, preparing for crisis management and ensuring rapid access to specialized services, to promote continuity of care and reduce isolation among family members and other support persons during crisis periods (31).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recognition of the caregiver\u2019s expertise <\/strong>during crisis assessment and management. Caregivers want their observations and knowledge of their loved one to be acknowledged and integrated into decision-making so that interventions can be better tailored to individual circumstances (37).<\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_12 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-judiciarisation.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-judiciarisation.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" class=\"wp-image-24164\" alt=\"Sous-trajectoire : judiciarisation des probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 mentale\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Sub-trajectory: Judicialization of mental health conditions during crisis periods<\/h2><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Judicialization most often occurs during periods of crisis. In the absence of adequate and accessible alternatives, some caregivers feel compelled to request police intervention when their loved one poses a danger \u2014 a decision most experience as a last resort rather than a true choice (38, 43).<\/p>\n<p>In Quebec, such interventions can lead to temporary involuntary confinement under the <em>Act respecting the protection of persons whose mental state presents a danger to themselves or to others (P-38) <\/em>While this is a mechanism intended to ensure safety, it operates within a coercive framework that can be deeply distressing for both the care recipient and their caregiver (for more details, see <a class=\"episodes-de-soin\" href=\"#\"><strong>Episodes of care for the care recipient<\/strong>)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_13 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png 222w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-10078\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">NOTE<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>The P-38 act underwent a major reform with the passage of Bill 23 on June 12, 2026, by the National Assembly of Quebec (5). The criterion of \u201cserious and immediate danger,\u201d long required to authorize involuntary hospitalization, has been replaced by that of \u201ca situation where there is a risk of danger,\u201d allowing for earlier intervention when a person\u2019s condition deteriorates (5, 161). Given the recent nature of this change, the impact on caregivers is unknown.<\/p>\n<p><!--EndFragment --><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_14 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Judicialization raises significant concerns, particularly around the risk of escalating violence and the safety of the person in crisis (38). Some caregivers fear that police intervention could result in serious injury or death due to the misinterpretation of crisis-related behaviours and insufficient mental health training among law enforcement (38).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_15 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module s-block preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Sometimes I didn\u2019t call the police because I didn\u2019t want anything to happen to him. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Lyne, caregiver for her ex-partner (cited in 67)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_16 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>All too often, then, in the absence of specialized, accessible and continuous services, coercive measures become the only pathway to help during a crisis.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_13-popup-layout-26837\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_14 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"episodes-de-soin\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_18 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_21 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_25 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_46 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Episodes of care for the care recipient<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_47 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>An episode of mental health care is a period during which an individual receives a continuum of coordinated actions aimed at stabilizing their condition, meeting their immediate needs and supporting their recovery (25). This may include outpatient consultations, hospitalization, emergency care, therapy sessions, and\/or follow-up with mental health professionals (12).<\/p>\n<p>The duration and intensity of the episodes will vary based on a number of factors: access to services, the nature of the problem, symptom severity, and the individual\u2019s social context. A mental health trajectory is never linear and may therefore consist of several episodes of care that vary in intensity and frequency, alternating with periods of relative stability or service interruptions (12).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_48 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Diagnosis<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A diagnosis is a process by which a mental health professional identifies and names a disorder based on observed symptoms, standardized criteria and the individual\u2019s clinical history (73). Not everyone living with a mental health problem receives a diagnosis, and obtaining one can be a long and complex process, given extended wait times in the public system and the high cost of private services (42).<\/p>\n<p>The absence of a diagnosis \u2014 whether due to service inaccessibility, diffuse symptoms or the refusal of care \u2014 can heighten uncertainty, leaving caregivers without a clear path forward and ultimately contributing to burnout (118). It can also cause those around the care recipient, including caregivers themselves, to interpret symptoms as deliberate choices or wilful behaviour, damaging relationships and deepening caregivers\u2019 sense of isolation (118).<\/p>\n<p>Conversely, receiving a diagnosis can be a pivotal moment in the caregiving trajectory. While it may come as a shock and cause significant emotional upheaval (48), it also allows caregivers to name what they have been experiencing and opens the door to more appropriate support. In this way, a diagnosis can serve as a breakthrough in the journey of care:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_17 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>There was a certain amount of relief in getting the diagnosis\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0. I was happy to know there was a diagnosis. I really was happy to be able to put my hands on something because when you have no knowledge, or you don\u2019t know, or it\u2019s unknown, you don\u2019t know what to think. So having that, that gave me a platform.<br \/><strong>Caregiver (cited in 48)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_49 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Hospitalization<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Hospitalization often stands as the primary entry point to services, inasmuch as the care recipient\u2019s condition may have to deteriorate significantly before access to care becomes possible. It can occur willingly or against the wishes of the person with the mental health problem (forced hospitalization) \u2014 including within a legal context, where a person may be brought in for assessment or placed under involuntary confinement. While hospitalization provides access to specialized care and is sometimes the only way to obtain appropriate support, caregivers generally experience it as a failure on their part, which comes with a significant emotional toll (38, 75).<\/p>\n<p>The quality of the hospital experience depends largely on the relationship between the caregiver and health professionals. Clear communication, recognition of the caregiver\u2019s role and their inclusion in the care process all facilitate collaboration and reduce caregiver distress (37, 39).<\/p>\n<p>The return home after hospitalization is a critical phase. Caregivers must ensure continuity of care, adjust their day-to-day role, and balance this commitment with their personal and professional responsibilities. Due both to limited services and the legal constraints surrounding forced hospitalization, stays may be short and may not always allow for full stabilization (49). When the return home occurs before the crisis is completely resolved, caregivers can be thrust into the difficult position of having to shift from a supportive role to active illness management (102).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_50 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Outpatient care<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Outpatient care refers to all mental health services provided to an individual, barring hospitalization (107). These services may include consultations with psychiatrists, psychologists and psychosocial workers, individual or group therapy sessions, and medication management and follow-up.<\/p>\n<p>For caregivers, outpatient care often represents an important opportunity for involvement in the care trajectory. They can accompany the care recipient to appointments, support treatment management and help detect early signs of symptom recurrence or worsening (2). However, this role can also give rise to difficulties, particularly when access to clinical information is limited or when professionals do not sufficiently value the caregiver\u2019s expertise (37).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_51 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Medication adherence<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Caregivers frequently play a central role in supporting medication adherence among care recipients, particularly when medication is necessary to stabilize symptoms and reduce the risk of relapse (26). Yet this responsibility may also generate tension and place caregivers under considerable strain, requiring ongoing vigilance, particularly when the care recipient resists treatment, experiences unpleasant side effects, or expresses doubts as to its effectiveness (108, 111).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_52 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>End of an episode of care<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>In the mental health care trajectory, the end of an episode of care often represents a critical juncture for caregivers. When services cease abruptly and without a planned transition, caregivers may find themselves solely responsible for providing support \u2014 sometimes for extended periods and minus the necessary resources (76, 112). This transfer of responsibilities, which is frequently unplanned, can intensify caregivers\u2019 feelings of abandonment and helplessness (85).<\/p>\n<p>A preventive approach would involve discussing the end of services with both the care recipient and their caregiver at least one week in advance, in order to clarify the steps to be taken in the event of a relapse or crisis (1). Communication and coordination with care teams can foster better planning and a clearer understanding of how to reactivate support if needed, thereby reducing the caregiver\u2019s burden.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_18 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS DURING EPISODES OF CARE: PARTNERSHIP, PLANNING AND ACCESS TO INFORMATION<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Caregivers consistently identify <strong>being recognized as essential partners in care <\/strong>as one of their primary needs during episodes of care (1, 125). However, the confidentiality of medical information can present a significant barrier to this partnership, as caregivers are not always able to access the information they need to help ensure their loved one&#8217;s safety and well-being or to effectively coordinate care (77, 78, 119).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>In Quebec, a service user\u2019s right to privacy is protected by legal frameworks and professional confidentiality requirements. However, those same mechanisms can also limit communication between healthcare professionals and caregivers when the care recipient does not consent to having their information shared. This creates a paradox in which caregivers are expected to play an active role in providing day-to-day support and coordinating care, yet may be excluded from clinical decision-making or denied access to information that is essential to fulfilling that role (114, 115). Limited access to information can lead to misunderstandings, disruptions in care, errors in care coordination, and an increased burden on caregivers (77, 127). It is therefore essential to <strong>balance the need for individual privacy and autonomy with an acknowledgement of the indispensable role of caregivers in the journey of care <\/strong>(78, 126, 27).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Caregivers also need the <strong>end of an episode of care to be planned in advance<\/strong> so that they are not left to shoulder the burden of care on their own, sometimes for extended periods and without access to services. This highlights the importance for professionals of anticipating the end of an episode and identifying the necessary resources and supports to put in place. It also points up the need to involve caregivers in planning so that the steps to take in any future crisis are clearly defined and services can be reactivated promptly as needed (1, 130).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_19 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-judiciarisation.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-judiciarisation.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" class=\"wp-image-24164\" alt=\"Sous-trajectoire : judiciarisation des probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 mentale\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Sub-trajectory: Judicialization of mental health conditions during episodes of care<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Ideally, episodes of care occur with the care recipient\u2019s consent. However, a person with mental health problems may sometimes refuse treatment, and for a number of reasons \u2014 for example, a denial of their symptoms, a mistrust of the health and social services system, or the fear of treatment side effects. For caregivers, treatment refusal is a substantial and destabilizing challenge, considerably restricting their leeway, limiting their access to support and potentially placing them in the difficult position of having to consider legal action to protect their loved one (44, 11).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, when the refusal persists and the situation becomes dangerous for the person or those around them, Quebec\u2019s <em>Act respecting the protection of persons whose mental state presents a danger to themselves or others<\/em> (P-38) may allow for temporary confinement for the purpose of psychiatric evaluation. However, this recourse is always seen as a last resort.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_20 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png 222w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-10078\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">NOTE<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>The P-38 act underwent a major reform with the passage of Bill 23 on June 12, 2026, by the National Assembly of Quebec (5). The criterion of \u201cserious and immediate danger,\u201d long required to authorize involuntary hospitalization, has been replaced by that of \u201ca situation where there is a risk of danger,\u201d allowing for earlier intervention when a person\u2019s condition deteriorates (5, 161). Given the recent nature of this change, the impact on caregivers is unknown.<\/p>\n<p><!--EndFragment --><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_21 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>When an episode of care involves involuntary hospitalization, caregivers can experience significant ambivalence \u2014 a mixture of hope, guilt, frustration and anxiety \u2014 while also fearing damaging the relationship of trust they have built with the person they care for (38, 44, 75). Furthermore, due to legal limitations related to involuntary treatment, such interventions do not always fully resolve the crisis, making the end of the episode of care (e.g., hospital discharge) particularly challenging for caregivers.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_14-popup-layout-26867\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_15 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"transformations-de-la-relation\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_19 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_22 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_26 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_53 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Transformation of the relationship and role reconfiguration<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_54 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><span>The role played by caregivers in mental health is profoundly dynamic and evolves alongside the trajectory of the care recipient (47). The caregiving trajectory is marked by an ongoing adaptation of the caregiver role, as each event \u2014 an improvement or deterioration in mental health, a change in medication, the beginning or end of an episode of care, new boundaries within the relationship, and so on \u2014 requires adjustment on the emotional, relational and practical levels (128, 131). Although this adaptation is continuous, change is more likely to occur at certain key points in the trajectory, such as the entry into caregiving, crisis periods or episodes of care.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>These transitions affect more than the organization of care: they also require caregivers to continually renegotiate their relationship with the care recipient as expectations shift and relational dynamics are reshaped. Certain symptoms associated with mental health problems can place additional strain on these relationships and trigger emotional distress (10). For example, the emotional withdrawal associated with mood disorders may be experienced as indifference or rejection, while delusions associated with psychotic disorders can directly harm or destabilize the caregiver (10, 112). Similarly, in the context of borderline personality disorder, patterns of idealization and devaluation can leave caregivers feeling rejected, powerless or emotionally unsettled (40). The process of redefining the relationship can lead some caregivers to question whether to continue the relationship or establish different boundaries.        <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Conversely, the caregiving relationship can also strengthen bonds between caregivers, care recipients, and their broader support networks. Some caregivers report improved mutual understanding and a deepening of their relationship with the person receiving care (94). Families coping with the challenges of mental health conditions may also develop a shared capacity to overcome difficulties, fostering feelings of mutual admiration (121, 129).   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Through these relational changes, caregivers may also experience a \u201cparallel recovery\u201d alongside that of the person they support. This process involves psychological and emotional growth through learning, adaptation, and in many cases, personal rebuilding in response to the challenges associated with the caregiving role (85). For example, past events may be reinterpreted through the lens of the diagnosis, expectations for the future reshaped, or roles within the family redefined.  <span>  <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_22 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Caregiver needs in relation to relationship transformation and role reconfiguration<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p><span>Faced with constantly shifting roles and relations, caregiver needs are varied and include: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span><strong>Regaining a sense of agency<\/strong> over the challenges related to support and constant change (82). Agency refers to the power to act, make decisions and influence one\u2019s own situation. This hinges on having access to clear and appropriate information about the care recipient\u2019s condition, being able to participate in decisions concerning care, and having personal expertise and lived experience acknowledged by professionals. Interventions like psychoeducation or training programs help strengthen caregivers\u2019 confidence and sense of control, and are also associated with a better quality of life (109).   <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><strong>Accepting the person\u2019s mental health problems. <\/strong>Acceptance enhances understanding of the behaviours associated with mental health problems, allowing expectations to be revised and more appropriate support strategies to be developed (83).  <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><strong>Acknowledging the losses they have experienced and the associated grief. <\/strong>Indeed, throughout the caregiving journey, caregivers must grieve the relationship as it had previously existed, certain life plans that had once been shared, and even their concept of what daily life would look like (120). <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Capture-decran-2026-06-10-145940.png\" width=\"55\" height=\"43\" alt=\"Apostrophe\" class=\"wp-image-24377 alignleft size-full\">That was a really tough phase too, grieving the marriage we\u2019d planned and the whole idea of having kids. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Camille, caregiver for her partner (cited in 67)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 15px;\"><span>For mental health caregivers, the complexity of grief is tied up with the fact that these types of loss are not always recognized socially and that grief can reoccur at different points in the trajectory (120).<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span><strong>Accessing a safe, non-judgmental space in which to express ambivalence, guilt and emotional difficulties, thereby promoting their own recovery. <\/strong>These spaces \u2014 which can be both informal and formal, ranging from family or friends who are willing to listen, to support groups \u2014 serve to normalize individual experience, counteract the stigma surrounding mental health problems, and reduce caregivers\u2019 sense of isolation (85).   <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><strong>Receiving support in their communication with the care recipient,<\/strong> particularly when wishing to redefine boundaries or rethink their role. Support from service providers can prevent disruptions in care continuity, allowing both the caregiver and care recipient to adjust emotionally (51, 56).  <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>In some situations, the relationship may be marked by more challenging dynamics, such as intimidation or unhealthy relational patterns, further complicating attempts to redefine boundaries and communication (102). These situations call for particular attention from service providers, who can support caregivers in assessing their safety and their own needs (46). <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_15-popup-layout-26882\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_16 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"soutien-dans-la-recherche-daide\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_20 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_23 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_27 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_55 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Helping seeking support for the help recipient<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_56 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Mental health caregivers play a crucial role in securing support for the person they care for: they detect signs of a deteriorating mental state, take steps to obtain care, and act as intermediaries between the care recipient and the available services (45, 68). They are often the first to identify warning signs of a crisis or an emerging need for support \u2014 all of which demands heightened vigilance, constant availability and continual adaptation (69).<\/p>\n<p>When their loved one\u2019s mental health deteriorates, caregivers are typically the first to intervene, making repeated calls and attempts to obtain hospitalization or services. This can prove extremely difficult, particularly when the care recipient refuses help or denies the severity of their symptoms (17, 45). The lack of appropriate services, cumbersome administrative processes and inadequate support for caregivers further compound the caregiver\u2019s sense of helplessness, especially when their loved one\u2019s safety is at stake.<\/p>\n<p>Crises involving risky behaviours (e.g., suicidal behaviour, self-harm, substance use or self-medication) require rapid intervention to ensure the safety of both the care recipient and their caregiver (70, 71, 92). Access to immediate care, however, is often limited by strict admission criteria, including the requirement to demonstrate that the person poses an imminent danger to themselves or others, which can delay treatment (38). This delay adds to the emotional burden on caregivers, who are frequently isolated and inadequately supported during these critical moments (38, 92).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_23 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Caregiver needs in seeking support for the care recipient: access to information and being heard<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>When seeking support for their loved one, caregivers need:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Access to information<\/strong> on mental health problems, diagnosis (where applicable) and treatment options (66).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Knowledge about the services available<\/strong> for people with mental health problems (92).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Information on where to access services<\/strong> and how to navigate the health and social services system (72, 92).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Health and social services professionals who will listen<\/strong> to and value their knowledge and observations about their loved one\u2019s condition (37).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recognition as care partners<\/strong> by professionals (92).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Information about existing legal protection mechanisms<\/strong> (guardianship, protection mandates, crisis plans) and the importance of putting these in place early, before a situation of deterioration or crisis can arise (6).<\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Freedom from feeling judged<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"> when asking for help (98).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_16-popup-layout-26889\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_17 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"sortie-de-la-aidante\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_21 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_24 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_28 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_57 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>The end of caregiving<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_58 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The end of caregiving marks a turning point that can take many forms and represent a significant transition period for caregivers.<\/p>\n<p>An exit from caregiving can be voluntary or imposed by circumstance. It may occur when the care recipient\u2019s need for support diminishes or ceases, upon their death, or when the caregiver withdraws from the role (85). In some cases, the caregiver may choose to step back to safeguard their own well-being. In others, it is the care recipient who refuses support and ends the relationship. It also happens that the care recipient disappears without their caregivers knowing where they have gone.<\/p>\n<p>The loss of a bond between a caregiver and care recipient may be permanent, but it can also be of uncertain duration or intermittent. Re-establishing the bond brings about a return to active caregiving <a class=\"retour-dans-le-role\" href=\"#\">(see <strong>Return to caregiving<\/strong>).<\/a> Even when contact is broken, many caregivers continue to experience anxiety and concern about their loved one\u2019s well-being (85).<\/p>\n<p>Some caregivers never experience a true exit from caregiving. Their role continues for years, sometimes ending only with their own death. This situation is particularly common among parents who support a child, as well as among siblings who support a brother or sister living with a mental health problem (35, 36).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_59 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0;\"><strong>The end of caregiving: specificities in the context of violent death<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Caregiving that ends in the context of a violent, sudden, or traumatic death (e.g., suicide, overdose, homicide) can result in complicated grief. Research shows that this type of loss is associated with higher rates of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and prolonged grief than anticipated deaths (84). For caregivers, distress may be compounded by feelings of responsibility, helplessness or guilt\u2014particularly in cases of suicide linked to mental health problems.<\/p>\n<p>Deaths of this kind may also involve police investigations, legal proceedings, media attention or social stigma, all of which can intensify caregivers\u2019 isolation and complicate access to support (70, 71). The quality of support provided following such events plays an important role in how grief unfolds. A lack of recognition of the trauma, a minimization of suffering, or the absence of specialized services can exacerbate and prolong distress (145).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_17-popup-layout-26903\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_18 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"post-aidance\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_22 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_25 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_29 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_60 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Post-caregiving<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_61 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Post-caregiving refers to the period that follows the end of caregiving. It represents not only the cessation of support, but also a time of transition and personal reorganization. Caregiving responsibilities are often deeply interwoven with a caregiver\u2019s daily life and sense of identity. The end of this role can therefore lead to a period of destabilization, requiring significant adaptation (47, 84, 128). Caregivers may need to redefine their routines, relationships and identities after having for so long built their lives around providing support.    <\/p>\n<p>This period may be accompanied by ambivalent emotions. While caregivers may experience relief, particularly when their role has been highly demanding, they may also experience a sense of loss or emptiness, especially when caregiving has been central to their lives.  <\/p>\n<p>For some caregivers, post-caregiving is also part of the grieving process that follows the care recipient\u2019s death or disappearance. In these situations, the grief may be twofold, encompassing both the loss of a loved one and the loss of a major role in their own life. This layered grief may be anticipated, prolonged, or both, particularly when the caregiving relationship has significantly shaped the caregiver\u2019s own life plans and routines (102).  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_24 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Caregiver needs during post-caregiving<\/h3><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Caregivers need:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To have their role as caregiver <strong>recognized <\/strong>for what it was.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Spaces where they can share<\/strong> their experience and give it meaning.<\/li>\n<li>Support, bereavement and psychosocial counselling <strong>services.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Help with regaining<\/strong> their personal, relational and professional bearings (74, 84, 100).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_18-popup-layout-26916\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_19 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"retour-dans-le-role\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_23 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_26 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_30 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_62 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Return to caregiving<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_63 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Following an interruption in care (whether due to the care recipient\u2019s absence, a break in the relationship, or the complete cessation of support), some caregivers may return to active caregiving, resuming their role either suddenly or gradually (102). It is important to note that, regardless of the duration of the interruption, caregivers often continue to worry and remain concerned about the care recipient (85). <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_19-popup-layout-26978\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_20 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"communication\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_24 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_27 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_31 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_64 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Caregiver collaboration and partnership with care teams<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_65 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Throughout the trajectory, collaboration between caregivers and mental health teams is essential to improving the quality of interventions and supporting both care recipients and caregivers. Nonetheless, such collaboration is often tenuous, hindered by barriers like insufficient professional training and confidentiality constraints (85).  <\/p>\n<p>Recognition by professionals is key to fostering collaboration. Caregivers who feel heard and valued report reduced isolation and distress (37). Conversely, caregivers whose observations and expertise are dismissed or who are excluded from the process tend to experience heightened loneliness, which compromises collaboration.  <\/p>\n<p>Caregivers possess a nuanced and irreplaceable understanding of the everyday realities of the people they support, yet this knowledge is often undervalued by care teams (98). The systematic inclusion of caregivers as care partners is not only beneficial but necessary to reduce relapse rates, alleviate family stress and improve the effectiveness of care (85). <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_66 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Constructive collaboration is grounded in the mutual recognition of expertise: professionals contribute clinical knowledge, while caregivers enrich interventions through their in-depth knowledge of both the lived experiences and needs of the person they support (146). To foster this collaboration, it is essential to train teams in caregiver inclusion and provide safe spaces for dialogue where caregivers can share their experiences without fear of being judged or marginalized (148). <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_20-popup-layout-26995\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_21 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"reconnaissance-des-ppa\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_25 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_28 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_32 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_67 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Recognition<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_68 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Coming to recognize their role helps caregivers feel less alone, acknowledge the responsibilities caregiving entails, better understand its impact on their lives, and learn about the services and support measures to which they are entitled (134). This self-recognition can occur at any time during the caregiving trajectory.  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_69 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The support provided by caregivers to someone with a mental health problem is often perceived as \u201cnatural,<span>\u201d arising from family or emotional ties rather than being acknowledged as a distinct role. In this context, caregivers may have difficulty recognizing their role for what it is, preferring to see themselves primarily as a child, spouse or friend rather than a \u201ccaregiver.\u201d This can hinder not only self-identification with the role, but also the broader social recognition of caregiving (87). Stigma by association \u2014 when caregivers are exposed to the same judgments and prejudices as the person they support \u2014 can further limit recognition, keeping caregiving in the shadows, hidden and largely invisible (133). Nor are caregivers always recognized as such by the person they support.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Some neurological or mental health conditions can lead to limited awareness of illness or impairment (anosognosia), while in other cases, an individual may deny their difficulties as a form of self-protection (45, 124). In such situations, care recipients may be unable or unwilling to recognize the support provided by caregivers (98). Recognition from others is also important: when neither the care recipient nor their wider social circle acknowledges this support, caregivers may find it more difficult to identify with and define their own role.    <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_70 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Some sub-groups of mental health caregivers \u2014 notably young people, women and people from minority communities \u2014 are less likely to identify with the role, largely due to concerns about stigmatization. For instance, some may worry that calling themselves a \u201ccaregiver\u201d could negatively affect the reputation of the person they support or reinforce negative perceptions about them (133, 134). <\/p>\n<p>Spouses and parents also tend not to identify as caregivers, albeit for different reasons. Rather than concerns about social perceptions, they often view the support they provide as a natural extension of their role as partner or parent (69).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_21-popup-layout-26932\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_22 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"ressources-et-soutien\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_26 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_29 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_33 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_71 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Caregiver support and resources<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_72 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Supporting someone living with a mental health problem places considerable pressure on caregivers, with well-documented repercussions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Emotional impact<\/strong>: The emotional burden on caregivers is exacerbated by constant stress, worries about the future, and managing largely unpredictable crisis episodes, often in a context where their own needs are relegated to the background. Caregivers describe an entire spectrum of difficult emotions, including fear, guilt, resentment, frustration and helplessness, as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression, including suicidal thoughts (94).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Social impact<\/strong>: The time and energy required for caregiving leave little room for social interactions or leisure activities (94, 98). Many caregivers report that their role forces them to reduce the size of their social network and the time spent maintaining it (94). Some even avoid social events to escape stigmatizing attitudes or derogatory remarks directed at them or their loved one (155).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Financial impact<\/strong>: Caregivers often incur direct costs such as travel expenses or medication and equipment purchases. These expenses are frequently compounded by reduced working hours or an inability to remain in employment due to exhaustion (156).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Access to diverse resources and support throughout the trajectory is essential to prevent caregiver burnout, reduce isolation, and strengthen their ability to support their loved ones while maintaining their own work\/life balance (28). Various forms of support are available to caregivers.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_73 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Mental health awareness<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Mental health stigma and discrimination are major barriers to seeking help and accessing services (116). For example, stigma by association experienced by caregivers can prevent them from identifying with their role, thereby hindering their access to support (63). In practice, many caregivers try to conceal their loved one\u2019s difficulties to avoid the shame and social rejection associated with mental health problems, further isolating themselves and delaying their own help-seeking (100). It is therefore essential, as a society, to reduce mental health stereotypes and raise public awareness in order to reduce the stigma experienced by both those affected and their caregivers.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_74 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Information and awareness<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Information and training in the form of workshops, videos or manuals are very well received by caregivers (69, 79, 123). Positive outcomes include increased self-confidence, better understanding of mental health issues, reduced anxiety, and empowerment (123). Information about mental health problems has also been shown to lessen feelings of isolation.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_25 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>I was reassured to learn that the behaviours I\u2019d thought <br \/>were due to our situation were in fact typical of the illness. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Caregiver (cited in 123)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_75 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Support from family and friends<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Support from a caregiver\u2019s immediate circle is a crucial resource. The effectiveness of this support often depends on the size of the caregiver\u2019s social network as well as the quality of the relationships (78, 86).<\/p>\n<p>Support from family and friends helps reduce feelings of isolation, facilitates the management of daily care, and alleviates the emotional burden experienced by caregivers (50).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_26 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>I still consider myself lucky because I think what makes a difference in all of this is having a strong social network. I have a good mother, I have wonderful in-laws who are very, very present; I see them as my own parents. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Camille, caregiver for her partner (cited in 67)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_76 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Psychosocial support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Psychosocial support refers to a set of interventions that target both the psychological (thoughts, emotions, behaviours) and social (relationships, support, integration) dimensions of an individual experiencing distress or vulnerability (87). For mental health caregivers, this support can take several forms, including individual therapy, support groups, psychoeducation, and family interventions (158).<\/p>\n<p>One of the most well-documented approaches for mental health caregivers is psychoeducation, which aims to impart structured knowledge about mental health problems, treatments and manifestations while developing caregivers\u2019 coping skills (158). Emotional and motivational components are also included to help caregivers better manage their lives and the support they provide. The benefits are numerous: reduced burden, fewer depressive symptoms, improved well-being, enhanced knowledge about the illness, and stronger problem-solving skills.<\/p>\n<p>Specialized psychosocial support can thus reduce isolation, normalize emotions and strengthen coping strategies (31). However, access to this type of support is often limited (85).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_77 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Peer support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Peer support groups and helplines are spaces that help break isolation and foster the sharing of experiences \u2014 a crucial consideration for caregivers (11). Self-help groups are particularly important, as they allow caregivers to discuss their situations, ask questions and receive support in a caring environment. Increasingly, caregivers are using forums, Facebook groups or dedicated digital platforms to connect and find support. These virtual spaces offer broad accessibility and a sense of belonging, although the information shared may not always be reliable (62).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_78 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Family peer support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Appropriate support can also be provided through connections with family peer supporters, who share similar experiences and can offer valuable assistance (61). This type of resource aims not only to support caregiver health and well-being, but also to provide practical tools to help them manage their role and navigate the available services.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_79 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Spirituality<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>For many caregivers, spiritual or religious practices are a source of comfort and strength (104, 105, 106). Some look to prayer or meditation for solace and to help them cope with their daily challenges (94).<\/p>\n<p>Addressing religious and spiritual needs within care relationships with professionals can be highly beneficial. When this dimension is important to the individual, it may be appropriate to integrate these resources into clinical services (60).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_80 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Financial aid<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The financial support needs of mental health caregivers are frequently underestimated, particularly if the caregiver is still employed (59, 110, 156). Financial aid programs exist, but access to them remains conditional and is often subject to restrictive eligibility criteria.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><style id=\"el-divi-el_modal_popup_22-popup-layout-26950\">:root{--gcid-primary-color: #2bafab;--gcid-secondary-color: #2ea3f2;--gcid-heading-color: #00293c;--gcid-body-color: #00293c;--gcid-link-color: #2bafab;--gcid-6615f0c7-ee7b-4bf6-a514-c95313f1bb0f: #fbbea7;}<\/style><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":27199,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-26580","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - 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