{"id":23897,"date":"2026-05-20T11:28:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T15:28:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-ppa-immigrantes\/"},"modified":"2026-07-17T12:41:22","modified_gmt":"2026-07-17T16:41:22","slug":"trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/","title":{"rendered":"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center; opacity: 0;\">Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_code_0 et_pb_code et_pb_module preset--group--divi-code--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_code_inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rs-p-wp-fix\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<sr7-module data-alias=\"ppa-immigrantes-en\" data-id=\"22\" id=\"SR7_22_1\" class=\"rs-ov-hidden\" data-version=\"6.7.58\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-adjuster><\/sr7-adjuster>\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_22_1-43\" data-key=\"43\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_22_1-44\" data-key=\"44\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t<image_lists style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-fond.png\" data-libid=\"23916\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-fond\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1mb25kLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-who-are-they.png\" data-libid=\"23930\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Who are they?\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-who-are-they\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi13aG8tYXJlLXRoZXkucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-END-OF-CAREGIVING-AND-POST-CAREGIVING.png\" data-libid=\"23914\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"End of caregiving and post-caregiving\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-END-OF-CAREGIVING-AND-POST-CAREGIVING\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1FTkQtT0YtQ0FSRUdJVklORy1BTkQtUE9TVC1DQVJFR0lWSU5HLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ECONOMIC-SOCIAL-AND-CULTURAL-INTEGRATION.png\" data-libid=\"23913\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Economic, social and cultural integration\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ECONOMIC-SOCIAL-AND-CULTURAL-INTEGRATION\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1FQ09OT01JQy1TT0NJQUwtQU5ELUNVTFRVUkFMLUlOVEVHUkFUSU9OLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Minority-group.png\" data-libid=\"23921\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Minority group affiliation\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Minority-group\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1NaW5vcml0eS1ncm91cC5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Migratory-status.png\" data-libid=\"23920\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Migratory status\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Migratory-status\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1NaWdyYXRvcnktc3RhdHVzLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Relationship-to-the-care-recipient.png\" data-libid=\"23923\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Relationship to the care recipient\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Relationship-to-the-care-recipient\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1SZWxhdGlvbnNoaXAtdG8tdGhlLWNhcmUtcmVjaXBpZW50LnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-religious-and-spiritual.png\" data-libid=\"23924\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Religious and spiritual beliefs\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-religious-and-spiritual\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1yZWxpZ2lvdXMtYW5kLXNwaXJpdHVhbC5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-gender.png\" data-libid=\"23917\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Gender\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-gender\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1nZW5kZXIucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-socioeconomic-situation.png\" data-libid=\"23929\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Socioeconomic situation\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-socioeconomic-situation\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1zb2Npb2Vjb25vbWljLXNpdHVhdGlvbi5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Social-networkspng.png\" data-libid=\"23928\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Social networks\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Social-networkspng\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1Tb2NpYWwtbmV0d29ya3NwbmcucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Geographic-location.png\" data-libid=\"23918\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Geographic location\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-Geographic-location\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1HZW9ncmFwaGljLWxvY2F0aW9uLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ARRIVAL-IN-QUEBEC.png\" data-libid=\"23910\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Arrival in Quebec\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ARRIVAL-IN-QUEBEC\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1BUlJJVkFMLUlOLVFVRUJFQy5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ENTRY-INTO-CAREGIVING.png\" data-libid=\"23915\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Entry into caregiving\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ENTRY-INTO-CAREGIVING\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1FTlRSWS1JTlRPLUNBUkVHSVZJTkcucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-RACISM-AND-DISCRIMINATION.png\" data-libid=\"23922\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Racism and discrimination\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-RACISM-AND-DISCRIMINATION\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1SQUNJU00tQU5ELURJU0NSSU1JTkFUSU9OLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-SERVICE-ORGANIZATION-AND-ACCESS-DIFFICULTIES-.png\" data-libid=\"23927\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Service organization and access difficulties\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-SERVICE-ORGANIZATION-AND-ACCESS-DIFFICULTIES-\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1TRVJWSUNFLU9SR0FOSVpBVElPTi1BTkQtQUNDRVNTLURJRkZJQ1VMVElFUy0ucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ACCESS-TO-INFORMATION-1.png\" data-libid=\"23934\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"ACCESS TO INFORMATION\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-ACCESS-TO-INFORMATION\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1BQ0NFU1MtVE8tSU5GT1JNQVRJT04tMS5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-LANGUAGE-ISSUES.png\" data-libid=\"23919\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Language issues\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-LANGUAGE-ISSUES\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1MQU5HVUFHRS1JU1NVRVMucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-CAREGIVER-RECOGNITION.png\" data-libid=\"23911\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Caregiver recognition\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-CAREGIVER-RECOGNITION\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1DQVJFR0lWRVItUkVDT0dOSVRJT04ucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-COMMUNICATION-AND-PARTNERSHIP-WITH-CARE-TEAMS.png\" data-libid=\"23912\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Communication and partnership with care teams\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-COMMUNICATION-AND-PARTNERSHIP-WITH-CARE-TEAMS\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1DT01NVU5JQ0FUSU9OLUFORC1QQVJUTkVSU0hJUC1XSVRILUNBUkUtVEVBTVMucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-THE-CARE-RECIPIENT.png\" data-libid=\"23926\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Seeking and accessing support for the care recipient\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-THE-CARE-RECIPIENT\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1TRUVLSU5HLUFORC1BQ0NFU1NJTkctU1VQUE9SVC1GT1ItVEhFLUNBUkUtUkVDSVBJRU5ULnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-CAREGIVERS.png\" data-libid=\"23925\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Seeking and accessing support for caregivers\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-CAREGIVERS\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1TRUVLSU5HLUFORC1BQ0NFU1NJTkctU1VQUE9SVC1GT1ItQ0FSRUdJVkVSUy5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/image_lists>\n\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-module>\n\t\t\t\t<script>\n\t\t\t\t\twindow.SR7 ??={};SR7.PMH ??={}; SR7.PMH[\"SR7_22_1\"] = {cn:100,state:false,fn: function() { if (window._tpt!==undefined && window._tpt.prepareModuleHeight !== undefined) {  _tpt.prepareModuleHeight({id:\"SR7_22_1\",el:[983.999,983.999,768,960,720],type:'standard',shdw:'0',gh:[984,984,630,479,296],gw:[1600,1600,1024,778,480],vpt:['-100px'],size:{fullWidth:true, fullHeight:false},mh:'0',onh:0,onw:0,bg:{color:'{\"orig\":\"transparent\",\"type\":\"solid\",\"string\":\"transparent\"}'}});   SR7.PMH[\"SR7_22_1\"].state=true;} else if(SR7.PMH[\"SR7_22_1\"].cn-->0)\tsetTimeout( SR7.PMH[\"SR7_22_1\"].fn,19);}};SR7.PMH[\"SR7_22_1\" ].fn();\n\t\t\t\t<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_1 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_1 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_1 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_code_1 et_pb_code et_pb_module preset--group--divi-code--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_code_inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rs-p-wp-fix\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<sr7-module data-alias=\"ppa-immigrantes-mobile-en\" data-id=\"23\" id=\"SR7_23_2\" class=\"rs-ov-hidden\" data-version=\"6.7.58\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-adjuster><\/sr7-adjuster>\n\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_23_2-45\" data-key=\"45\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<sr7-slide id=\"SR7_23_2-46\" data-key=\"46\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-slide>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-content>\n\t\t\t\t\t<image_lists style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-fond.png\" data-libid=\"23941\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-fond\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLWZvbmQucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-WHO-ARE-THEY.png\" data-libid=\"23969\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Who are they?\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m\u2013WHO-ARE-THEY\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVdITy1BUkUtVEhFWS5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-END-OF-CAREGIVING-AND-POST-CAREGIVING-1.png\" data-libid=\"23954\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"End of caregiving and post-caregiving\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-END-OF-CAREGIVING-AND-POST-CAREGIVING\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUVORC1PRi1DQVJFR0lWSU5HLUFORC1QT1NULUNBUkVHSVZJTkctMS5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ECONOMIC-SOCIAL-AND-CULTURAL-INTEGRATION-1-1.png\" data-libid=\"23953\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Economic, social and cultural integration\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ECONOMIC,-SOCIAL-AND-CULTURAL-INTEGRATION-\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUVDT05PTUlDLVNPQ0lBTC1BTkQtQ1VMVFVSQUwtSU5URUdSQVRJT04tMS0xLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Minority-group-affiliation.png\" data-libid=\"23960\" alt=\"Minority group affiliation\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Minority-group-affiliation\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLU1pbm9yaXR5LWdyb3VwLWFmZmlsaWF0aW9uLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Migratory-status.png\" data-libid=\"23959\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Migratory status\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Migratory-status\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLU1pZ3JhdG9yeS1zdGF0dXMucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Relationship-to-the-care-recipient.png\" data-libid=\"23962\" alt=\"Relationship to the care recipient\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Relationship-to-the-care-recipient\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVJlbGF0aW9uc2hpcC10by10aGUtY2FyZS1yZWNpcGllbnQucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Religious-and-spiritual-beliefs.png\" data-libid=\"23963\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Religious and spiritual beliefs\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Religious-and-spiritual-beliefs\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVJlbGlnaW91cy1hbmQtc3Bpcml0dWFsLWJlbGllZnMucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-gender-1.png\" data-libid=\"23956\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Gender\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-gender\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLWdlbmRlci0xLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Socioeconomic-situation-.png\" data-libid=\"23968\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Socioeconomic situation\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Socioeconomic-situation-\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVNvY2lvZWNvbm9taWMtc2l0dWF0aW9uLS5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Social-networks.png\" data-libid=\"23967\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Social networks\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Social-networks\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVNvY2lhbC1uZXR3b3Jrcy5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Geographic-location-1.png\" data-libid=\"23957\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Geographic location\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-Geographic-location\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUdlb2dyYXBoaWMtbG9jYXRpb24tMS5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ARRIVAL-IN-QUEBEC.png\" data-libid=\"23950\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Arrival in Quebec\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ARRIVAL-IN-QUEBEC\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUFSUklWQUwtSU4tUVVFQkVDLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ENTRY-INTO-CAREGIVING-1.png\" data-libid=\"23955\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Entry into caregiving\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ENTRY-INTO-CAREGIVING\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUVOVFJZLUlOVE8tQ0FSRUdJVklORy0xLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-RACISM-AND-DISCRIMINATION.png\" data-libid=\"23961\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Racism and discrimination\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-RACISM-AND-DISCRIMINATION\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVJBQ0lTTS1BTkQtRElTQ1JJTUlOQVRJT04ucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-SERVICE-ORGANIZATION-AND-ACCESS-DIFFICULTIES-.png\" data-libid=\"23966\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Service organization and access difficulties\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-SERVICE-ORGANIZATION-AND-ACCESS-DIFFICULTIES-\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVNFUlZJQ0UtT1JHQU5JWkFUSU9OLUFORC1BQ0NFU1MtRElGRklDVUxUSUVTLS5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ACCESS-TO-INFORMATION.png\" data-libid=\"23949\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Access to information\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-ACCESS-TO-INFORMATION\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUFDQ0VTUy1UTy1JTkZPUk1BVElPTi5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-LANGUAGE-ISSUES.png\" data-libid=\"23958\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Language issues\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-LANGUAGE-ISSUES\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUxBTkdVQUdFLUlTU1VFUy5wbmc=\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-CAREGIVER-RECOGNITION-1.png\" data-libid=\"23951\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Caregiver recognition\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-CAREGIVER-RECOGNITION\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUNBUkVHSVZFUi1SRUNPR05JVElPTi0xLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-COMMUNICATION-AND-PARTNERSHIP-WITH-CARE-TEAMS-1.png\" data-libid=\"23952\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Communication and partnership with care teams\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-COMMUNICATION-AND-PARTNERSHIP-WITH-CARE-TEAMS\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLUNPTU1VTklDQVRJT04tQU5ELVBBUlRORVJTSElQLVdJVEgtQ0FSRS1URUFNUy0xLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-THE-CARE-RECIPIENT.png\" data-libid=\"23965\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Seeking and accessing support for the care recipient\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-THE-CARE-RECIPIENT\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVNFRUtJTkctQU5ELUFDQ0VTU0lORy1TVVBQT1JULUZPUi1USEUtQ0FSRS1SRUNJUElFTlQucG5n\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-src=\"\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-CAREGIVERS.png\" data-libid=\"23964\" data-lib=\"medialibrary\" alt=\"Seeking and accessing support for caregivers\" title=\"trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-en-m-SEEKING-AND-ACCESSING-SUPPORT-FOR-CAREGIVERS\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" data-dbsrc=\"Ly9vYnNlcnZhdG9pcmVwcm9jaGVhaWRhbmNlLmNhL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI2LzA2L3RyYWplY3RvaXJlLVBQQS1pbW1pZ3JhbnRlcy1lbi1tLVNFRUtJTkctQU5ELUFDQ0VTU0lORy1TVVBQT1JULUZPUi1DQVJFR0lWRVJTLnBuZw==\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/image_lists>\n\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-module>\n\t\t\t\t<script>\n\t\t\t\t\twindow.SR7 ??={};SR7.PMH ??={}; SR7.PMH[\"SR7_23_2\"] = {cn:100,state:false,fn: function() { if (window._tpt!==undefined && window._tpt.prepareModuleHeight !== undefined) {  _tpt.prepareModuleHeight({id:\"SR7_23_2\",el:[4919.99,4919.99,768,960,720],type:'standard',shdw:'0',gh:[4920,4920,4063,3087,1905],gw:[1240,1240,1024,778,480],vpt:['-100px'],size:{fullWidth:true, fullHeight:false},mh:'0',onh:0,onw:0,bg:{color:'{\"orig\":\"transparent\",\"type\":\"solid\",\"string\":\"transparent\"}'}});   SR7.PMH[\"SR7_23_2\"].state=true;} else if(SR7.PMH[\"SR7_23_2\"].cn-->0)\tsetTimeout( SR7.PMH[\"SR7_23_2\"].fn,19);}};SR7.PMH[\"SR7_23_2\" ].fn();\n\t\t\t\t<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_2 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_2 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et_block_column et_pb_column_empty et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_0 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-image--divi-transition--default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/trajectoire-immigrant_VE.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG.png\" width=\"1727\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG.png 1727w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG-1280x364.png 1280w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG-980x279.png 980w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/trajectoire_telecharger-infographie_ENG-480x136.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 1727px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-14758\" title=\"trajectoire_t\u00e9l\u00e9charger infographie_ENG\" alt=\"Download the infographic (PDF)\" \/><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_column_empty et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_3 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et_block_column et_pb_column_empty et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_6 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_1 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Last updated: April 2026<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">In collaboration with:<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_7 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_column_empty et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_4 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_8 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_1 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-image--divi-transition--default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpa-recherche.com\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/SHERPA-logo_1200x675.png\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/SHERPA-logo_1200x675.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" class=\"wp-image-22851\" title=\"SHERPA-logo_1200x675\" alt=\"Institut universitaire SHERPA\" \/><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_5 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_9 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_2 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module et_pb_text_align_center preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">The information presented in the trajectory comes from the report <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpa-recherche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/experiences-personnes-groupe-ethnoculturel-minoritaire-soin-proche-quebec.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Les exp\u00e9riences de personnes appartenant \u00e0 un groupe ethnoculturel minoritaire qui prennent soin d\u2019un\u00b7e proche au Qu\u00e9bec<\/em><\/a> (in French) by the SHERPA University Institute (2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">AUTHORS: Camille Girard-Marcil, Ana\u00efs El Amraoui, Florence Potvin and Marie-\u00c8ve Samson<br \/>TRANSLATION: Lesley McCubbin<br \/>GRAPHIC DESIGN: Julie Bri\u00e8re<br \/>WEBSITE ANIMATIONS: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaa.cc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[ ZAA.CC ] Design web<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">To cite this document: Observatoire qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de la proche aidance (2026). <em>Trajectory of immigrant caregivers<\/em>. CIUSSS du Centre-Ouest-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_6 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_10 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_toggle_0 et_pb_toggle et_pb_toggle_item et_pb_toggle_close et_pb_module et_block_module list_spacing preset--group--divi-toggle--divi-transition--default\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_toggle_title\">References<\/h2><div class=\"et_pb_toggle_content clearfix\"><ol>\n<li>Statistics Canada. 2023. Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population \u2013 Quebec [Province]. Statistics Canada. 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2021\/dp-pd\/prof\/details\/page.cfm?Lang=E&amp;SearchText=montr%C3%A9al&amp;GENDERlist=1,2,3&amp;STATISTIClist=4&amp;DGUIDlist=2021A000224&amp;HEADERlist=13\">https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2021\/dp-pd\/prof\/details\/page.cfm?Lang=E&amp;SearchText=montr\u00e9al&amp;GENDERlist=1,2,3&amp;STATISTIClist=4&amp;DGUIDlist=2021A000224&amp;HEADERlist=13<\/a><u>census-recensement\/2021\/dp-pd\/prof\/details\/page.cfm?Lang=F&amp;SearchText=Quebec&amp;DGUIDlist=2021A000224&amp;GENDERlist=1,2,3&amp;STATISTIClist=1&amp;HEADERlist=0<\/u><\/li>\n<li>Statistics Canada. 2022. Focus on Geography Series, 2021 Census of Population. 2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2021\/as-sa\/fogs-spg\/page.cfm?topic=6&amp;dguid=2021A00032423&amp;Lang=E\">https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2021\/as-sa\/fogs-spg\/page.cfm?topic=6&amp;dguid=2021A00032423&amp;Lang=E<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Samson, M.-\u00c8., Le Gall, J., Pinchinat Jean-Charles, K., Presnielle Kouka, M., El Amraoui, A., Guindon, A., &amp; Johnson-Lafleur, J. (2024). Les exp\u00e9riences de personnes appartenant \u00e0 un groupe ethnoculturel minoritaire qui prennent soin d\u2019un proche au Qu\u00e9bec. Institut universitaire SHERPA, CIUSSS West-Central Montreal. <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpa-recherche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/experiences-personnes-groupe-ethnoculturel-minoritaire-soin-proche-quebec.pdf\">https:\/\/sherpa-recherche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/experiences-personnes-groupe-ethnoculturel-minoritaire-soin-proche-quebec.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Leszko, M., &amp; Allen, D. J. (2024). Caring From a Distance: Experiences of Polish Immigrants in the United States Providing Care to Parents With Dementia Overseas. <em>The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences<\/em>, <em>79<\/em>(3), gbad086. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbad086\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbad086<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Savoie, E., Lanteigne, I., Albert, H., &amp; Savoie, L. (2024). Proches aidantes immigrantes vivant au Canada: Accompagner malgr\u00e9 la distance. <em>G\u00e9rontologie et soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, <em>46174<\/em>(2), 145\u2013160. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3917\/gs1.174.0145\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3917\/gs1.174.0145<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Van Pevenage, I. &amp; Reiss., M. (2020). Entre les services, les bonnes pratiques et les mesures: mise en perspective du soutien aux personnes proches aidantes. Centre for Research and Expertise in Social Gerontology, CIUSSS West-Central Montreal. <a href=\"https:\/\/creges.ca\/en\/documentation\/entre-les-services-les-bonnes-pratiques-et-les-mesures-mise-en-perspective-du-soutien-aux-personnes-proches-aidantes\/\">https:\/\/creges.ca\/en\/documentation\/entre-les-services-les-bonnes-pratiques-et-les-mesures-mise-en-perspective-du-soutien-aux-personnes-proches-aidantes\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Le Gall, J., Samson, M.-\u00c8., &amp; Fortin, S. (2021). Exp\u00e9riences du mourir et de la mort: Regards de proches ayant accompagn\u00e9 un a\u00een\u00e9 immigrant en fin de vie \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al. <em>Anthropologie et Soci\u00e9t\u00e9s<\/em>, <em>45<\/em>(1\u20132), 65\u201383. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7202\/1083794ar\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7202\/1083794ar<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Girard-Marcil, C., &amp; Reiss, M. (2023). Who are Quebec\u2019s caregivers and what kinds of support do they provide? An age- and gender-based analysis. Quebec Observatory on Caregiving, Academic Affairs and Research Ethics, CIUSSS West-Central Montreal. <a href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-01-30-Donnees-sur-la-proche-aidance_bilingue-1.pdf\">https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-01-30-Donnees-sur-la-proche-aidance_bilingue-1.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Brotman, S., Silverman, M., Boska, H., &amp; Molgat, M. (2021). Intergenerational care in the context of migration: A feminist intersectional life-course exploration of racialized young adult women\u2019s narratives of care. <em>Affilia, 36<\/em>(4), 552-570. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886109920954408\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886109920954408<\/a><\/li>\n<li>El Amraoui, A., Gagnon, P., Samson, M.-\u00c8., Le Gall, J., &amp; Pinchinat Jean-Charles, K. (2025). Proche aidance et groupe ethnoculturels minoritaires au Qu\u00e9bec. Perspectives ADS+. Institut universitaire SHERPA, CIUSSS West-Central Montreal. <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpa-recherche.com\/fr\/publication\/proche-aidance-groupes-ethnoculturels-minoritaires-au-quebec-persectives-ads\/\">https:\/\/sherpa-recherche.com\/fr\/publication\/proche-aidance-groupes-ethnoculturels-minoritaires-au-quebec-persectives-ads\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Martin-Storey, A., Gendron-Fontaine, S., Daigneault, M-M., Zaine, Y-L N., Cotton, J. C., &amp; Ummel, D., (2023). <em>La proche aidance dans les populations 2SLGBTQ+: \u00e9tat des lieux. <\/em>Fondation \u00c9mergence <a href=\"https:\/\/commander.fondationemergence.org\/en\/products\/copie-de-affiche-famille-choisie?srsltid=AfmBOooAvlUkkRvHb95tpVn4-3nEIzUZMSMWEucrASHBf9fTBS1Rukm9\">https:\/\/commander.fondationemergence.org\/en\/products\/copie-de-affiche-famille-choisie?srsltid=AfmBOooAvlUkkRvHb95tpVn4-3nEIzUZMSMWEucrASHBf9fTBS1Rukm9<\/a><\/li>\n<li>McIntosh, A. W. M., Eby, J., Duggleby, W., &amp; Leipert, B. (2012). \u201cThis is just where I live\u201d: A situational analysis of rural end-of-life caregiving. <em>Journal of Rural and Community Development, 7<\/em>(4), 38\u201361. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7939\/R3862BG0K\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7939\/R3862BG0K<\/a><\/li>\n<li>del-Pino-Casado, R., L\u00f3pez-Mart\u00ednez, C., SerranoOrtega, N., Pastor-Bravo, M. del M., &amp; Parra-Anguita, L. (2018). Obligation and negative consequences in primary caregivers of dependent older relatives. PLOS ONE, 13(9), e0203790. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0203790\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0203790<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Girard-Marcil, C. (2025). Recognition Without Coercion: Navigating Need, Obstacles and Ethical Dilemmas in Caregiver Recognition and Self-Identification. Quebec Observatory on Caregiving, Academic Affairs and Research Ethics, CIUSSS West-Central Montreal. <a href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Rapport-enjeux-ethiques_ENG.pdf\">https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Rapport-enjeux-ethiques_ENG.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Simard, Julien, Grenier, Y. &amp; Dauphinais, C. 2023. La proche aidance en contexte de diversit\u00e9 ethnoculturelle au Qu\u00e9bec, constats et recommandations. L\u2019Alliance des communaut\u00e9s culturelles pour l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 dans la sant\u00e9 et les services sociaux (ACC\u00c9SSS). <a href=\"https:\/\/accesss.net\/proche-aidance-et-aines\/\">https:\/\/accesss.net\/proche-aidance-et-aines\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Meango, Z. L. N. (2019). <em>Immigration et Communaut\u00e9s ethnoculturelles. Identification des d\u00e9fis rencontr\u00e9s par les communaut\u00e9s ethnoculturelles issues de l\u2019immigration et impact sur leur sant\u00e9<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Roberg, R., Camargo, T., &amp; Marks, A. K. (2024). A Mixed-Methods Exploration of Legal Vulnerability, Trauma, and Psychological Wellbeing in Immigrant Caregivers and Youth. <em>Trauma Care<\/em>, <em>4<\/em>(1), 60\u201374. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/traumacare4010006\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/traumacare4010006<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Lee, E. (2022). Perceptions of caregiving for people living with dementia and help-seeking patterns among prospective Korean caregivers in Canada. <em>Health &amp; Social Care in the Community<\/em>, <em>30<\/em>(6), e4885\u2013e4893. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hsc.13901\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hsc.13901<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Koehn, S., Badger, M., Cohen, C., McCleary, L., &amp; Drummond, N. (2016). Negotiating access to a diagnosis of dementia: Implications for policies in health and social care. <em>Dementia<\/em>, <em>15<\/em>(6), 1436\u20131456. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1471301214563551\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1471301214563551<\/a><\/li>\n<li>d\u2019Ardhuy, J. L. (2024). Prendre soin des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es immigr\u00e9es souffrant de troubles psychiques: Trajectoires d\u2019aide des familles. <em>Revue fran\u00e7aise des affaires sociales<\/em>, <em>243<\/em>(3), 91\u2013111. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3917\/rfas.243.0091\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3917\/rfas.243.0091<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Stenberg, J., &amp; Hjelm, K. (2023). Migrant informal caregiver perceptions and experiences of caring for a family member with dementia: A systematic review and thematic synthesis. <em>Journal of Clinical Nursing<\/em>, <em>32<\/em>(9\u201310), 2178\u20132192. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.16390\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.16390<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kevern, P., Lawrence, D., Nazir, N., &amp; Tsaroucha, A. (2022). Religious Influences on the Experience of Family Carers of People with Dementia in a British Pakistani Muslim Community. <em>Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)<\/em>, <em>11<\/em>(1), 120. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare11010120\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare11010120<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Commissaire \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 et au bien-\u00eatre. (2024). Bien vieillir chez soi \u2013 tome 4: une transformation qui s\u2019impose. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.csbe.gouv.qc.ca\/publication\/bien-vieillir-chez-soi-tome-4-transformation-simpose.html\">https:\/\/www.csbe.gouv.qc.ca\/publication\/ bien-vieillir-chez-soi-tome-4-transformationsimpose.html <\/a><\/li>\n<li>Le Gall, J., &amp; Fortin, S. (2025). <em>Exp\u00e9riences de fin de vie dans un Montr\u00e9al pluriel<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/pum.umontreal.ca\/catalogue\/experiences_de_fin_de_vie_dans_un_montreal_pluriel\">https:\/\/pum.umontreal.ca\/catalogue\/experiences_de_fin_de_vie_dans_un_montreal_pluriel<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Le Gall, J., El Amraoui, A., &amp; Samson, M. E. (pending). Au-del\u00e0 du r\u00f4le de pourvoyeurs: L\u2019exp\u00e9rience d\u2019hommes immigrants et descendants de migrants qui prennent soin d\u2019un proche au Qu\u00e9bec.<\/li>\n<li>El Amraoui, A., Samson, M. E., Kouka, M. P., Guindon, A., Le Gall, J., &amp; Pinchinat Jean-Charles, K. (2025). Trousse Confluences. Institut universitaire SHERPA. CIUSSS West-Central Montreal. <a href=\"https:\/\/confluences.sherpa-recherche.com\/\">https:\/\/confluences.sherpa-recherche.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Alzheimer Society of Canada. (2024). The Many Faces of Dementia in Canada. Landmark Study, Volume 2. Alzheimer Society of Canada. <a href=\"https:\/\/alzheimer.ca\/en\/the-many-faces-of-dementia-in-canada-landmark-study-volume-2\">https:\/\/alzheimer.ca\/en\/the-many-faces-of-dementia-in-canada-landmark-study-volume-2<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Canadian Centre for Caregiving Excellence (CCEA). (2024). Caring in Canada: Survey insights from caregivers and care providers across Canada. Canadian Centre for Caregiving Excellence. <a href=\"https:\/\/canadiancaregiving.org\/caring-in-canada\/\">https:\/\/canadiancaregiving.org\/caring-in-canada\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Brotman Shari, 2003. The limits of multiculturalism in elder care services. <em>Journal of Aging Studies<\/em>, <em>17<\/em>(2), 209\u2013229. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0890406503000033\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0890406503000033<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Lavoie, J.-P., Belleau, H., Guberman, N., Battaglini, A., Brotman, S., Montejo, M. E. &amp; Hallouche, K. (2007). Prendre soin en contexte d\u2019immigration r\u00e9cente. Les limites aux solidarit\u00e9s familiales \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard des membres de la famille avec incapacit\u00e9s. <em>Enfances, Familles, G\u00e9n\u00e9rations<\/em>, (6). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7202\/016484ar\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7202\/016484ar<\/a><\/li>\n<li>El Amraoui, A., Kabor\u00e9, P., &amp; Kalil Konate, I. (2026). <em>Personnes proches aidantes immigrantes et\/ou racis\u00e9es au Canada: portraits et r\u00e9alit\u00e9s. Une analyse secondaire du sondage \u00catre aidant au Canada du Centre canadien d\u2019excellence pour les aidants<\/em>. Trousse Confluences, Institut universitaire SHERPA. <a href=\"https:\/\/confluences.sherpa-recherche.com\/point-de-depart-entre-mythes-et-realites\/\">https:\/\/confluences.sherpa-recherche.com\/point-de-depart-entre-mythes-et-realites\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_3 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_7 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_11 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_0 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_6\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"qui-sont-elles\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_4 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_8 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_12 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_3 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3><strong>WHO ARE THEY? <\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_4 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Immigrant caregivers are people born outside of Canada who provide care and support to one or more family members or friends with a temporary or ongoing incapacity or disability (physical, psychological, psychosocial or other).<\/p>\n<p>The care recipient \u2014 who may or may not have been born in Canada \u2014 can be a parent, child, spouse, partner, friend, or any other person with whom the caregiver shares a significant bond. They may live nearby, but not necessarily; they might also live in a different city, another province, or even outside the country altogether.<\/p>\n<p>As with all caregiver populations, immigrant caregivers play a key role in the life of the care recipient by serving as a major source of support. Their support can take many forms: financial or administrative assistance, accompaniment to medical appointments, help with household chores, transportation, personal care, medication management, or emotional support. However, for this group, certain responsibilities are more directly associated with their migration journey. This can include acting as informal interpreters to facilitate the care recipient\u2019s access to services, providing support remotely, or even making frequent trips abroad to care for a loved one who still lives in their home country (3).<\/p>\n<p>As a group, immigrant caregivers are heterogenous and in constant evolution, with multiple identities that reflect a vast array of profiles and migration experiences.<\/p>\n<p>Immigrant caregivers may:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Be racialized or not.<\/li>\n<li>Be able to communicate in English, French, or neither of these two languages.<\/li>\n<li>Hold temporary or permanent resident status, be undocumented (non-status), or have obtained Canadian citizenship.<\/li>\n<li>Have left their country of origin by choice or by obligation, recently or years ago.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For more information on how these various elements affect the trajectory of immigrant caregivers, see the section, <strong>Factors influencing the trajectory<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_0 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeSTST.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeSTST.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-11612\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne de statistiques\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">STATISTICS<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Among Canada\u2019s six million informal or family caregivers (31):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>One in five was born outside the country.<\/li>\n<li>Of these, 40% have been in Canada for 11 years or more.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_1 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" class=\"wp-image-23164\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne Sous trajectoire : la proche aidance transnationale\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Sub-trajectory: transnational caregiving<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>The provision of care can and does extend beyond national borders: many caregivers provide support remotely to a loved one who has remained in their country of origin or otherwise lives abroad. Known as transnational caregiving, this situation can involve coordinating medical care or arranging transportation from afar, as well as making emergency trips back home to provide respite, support a loved one newly discharged from hospital, or handle funeral arrangements.<\/p>\n<p>Beyond its logistical hurdles, transnational caregiving can exact a heavy emotional toll. Caregivers often feel torn between their immediate surroundings and the needs of a distant loved one, leaving them with a lingering sense of never doing enough. This guilt is frequently compounded by family tensions, particularly when relatives disagree on the best course of support. Still, despite these pervasive challenges, caring for a loved one who lives abroad can also reinforce the bond between caregiver and care recipient (4, 5).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_2 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE.png 222w, https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20240906_OBS_trajectoire_iconeNOTE-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-10078\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">NOTE<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>This trajectory highlights the particular experience of immigrant caregivers. While they share many of the same challenges as other caregivers, their status and migratory history give rise to a distinctive set of pressures.<\/p>\n<p>Individuals from ethnocultural minority groups who are not themselves newcomers may share some of these challenges; however, their experiences fall outside the scope of this trajectory, which focuses specifically on caregivers born outside of Canada.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_1 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_11\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"genre\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_5 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_9 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_13 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_5 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3><strong>GENDER<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_6 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>In Canada, recent data show that gender representation among immigrant caregivers is fairly equal (31). This differs from trends among the Canadian-born population, where women are significantly more likely to assume the role (8).<\/p>\n<p>Within immigrant communities, men, like women, often step into primary caregiving roles. This may be due to a lack of other options, but can also be driven by the sense that caring for a loved one is \u201cnatural\u201d or a way to \u201cgive back\u201d to their elders (3, 7, 25) \u2014 values that can carry particular resonance within certain ethnocultural contexts.<\/p>\n<p>When caregiving responsibilities are shared within a family, the division of labour depends on more than just gender or preference: it is also shaped by structural constraints. Often, the role of primary caregiver falls to the family member with the most flexible work schedule or the strongest command of the local official language (3, 25).<\/p>\n<p>Gender does, however, influence how a caregiver\u2019s involvement is recognized and supported. The role of a male caregiver is often minimized or misunderstood by family members and professionals alike, which can limit their access to resources and cloud their own sense of identity as a carer (3, 25). Conversely, women\u2019s caregiving may be seen as \u201cnatural\u201d or simply taken for granted \u2014 a perception that risks rendering their specific needs invisible.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_2 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_13\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"croyances-et-spiritualite\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_6 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_10 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_14 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_7 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform:uppercase;\"><strong>Religious and spiritual beliefs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_8 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Not all immigrant caregivers adhere to a religion or engage in spiritual practices. Nonetheless, for those who do, these dimensions can affect their caregiving trajectory in various ways (3), both positively and negatively, including by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Providing an emotional anchor that makes hardship easier to accept and gives meaning to day-to-day experiences.<\/li>\n<li>Helping to guide difficult decisions related to the care of a loved one.<\/li>\n<li>For practices involving group activities and gatherings, serving as a source of social connection and tangible support.<\/li>\n<li>Influencing perceptions of illness (e.g., interpreting a disability as divine punishment or giving it spiritual significance).<\/li>\n<li>Shaping care practices and the perception of treatments.<\/li>\n<li>Making acceptance of a medical diagnosis difficult, delaying consultation with specialists, or complicating symptom identification.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Religious or spiritual affiliation does not automatically influence the caregiving experience; spirituality in particular is deeply personal, experienced and expressed differently by each individual. However, diverging perceptions and beliefs between caregivers, care recipients and healthcare professionals can sometimes lead to misunderstandings, especially in the absence of open communication (3). Still, attributing difficulties in accessing care and services solely to these differences risks obscuring the structural obstacles faced by immigrant caregivers, which can include language barriers, financial insecurity, and the administrative complexities of the public healthcare system (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_3 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_14\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"situation-socioeconomique\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_7 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_11 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_15 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_9 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Socioeconomic situation <\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_10 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>While immigrant caregivers are statistically more likely to be employed and hold higher levels of education than their Canadian-born counterparts, they are also more likely to face financial difficulties (26, 28).<\/p>\n<p>Many experience precarious living conditions that expose them to multiple overlapping vulnerabilities. Migration is an also inherently costly process, generating financial pressures that are further compounded upon arrival by Quebec\u2019s high cost of living. Furthermore, immigrants tend to earn a lower average weekly wage than those born in Canada \u2014 a disparity that persists regardless of their years of residence in the country (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_11 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform:uppercase;\"><strong>Occupational downgrading<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Immigrants are significantly more likely than Canadians to be employed in jobs below their level of qualification or training \u2014 a trend that disproportionately affects women. This professional devaluation results in a substantial loss of income, which in turn creates a barrier to accessing support services. Further complicating the caregiving trajectory is the fact that working conditions for many immigrants are precarious and inflexible, making it nearly impossible to balance employment with the demands of caring for a loved one (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_12 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Professional and financial consequences of caregiving<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The demands of caregiving often compel individuals to reduce their working hours or exit the workforce entirely, significantly eroding household income. At the same time, financial aid for caregivers is rarely enough to bridge the gap and remains out of reach for many, especially those sidelined by migration status or other circumstances.<\/p>\n<p>Caregivers must also shoulder significant out-of-pocket expenses for such items as transportation, residential care or home care services. These costs can be difficult to absorb, making essential support difficult to access \u2014 if not completely unaffordable \u2014 and creating a state of constant financial pressure that can leave both caregivers and their loved ones in a vulnerable position (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_4 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_9\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"appartenance-a-un-groupe-minoritaire\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_8 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_12 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_16 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_13 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform:uppercase;\"><strong>Minority group affiliation<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_14 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Immigrant caregivers may also belong to other minority groups, such as racialized, 2SLGBTQIA+, or official language minority communities. The intersection of these identities and their associated vulnerabilities can significantly complicate the caregiving trajectory. Indeed, immigrant caregivers who belong to several minority groups are multiply marginalized, rendered even less visible than other caregivers and prone to greater stigmatization. Beyond the inherent demands of caregiving, this compounding of systemic oppressions creates acute precarity and intensifies the barriers these individuals must navigate (9, 10).<\/p>\n<p>Being part of a racialized group can also influence the caregiving trajectory; while not all immigrant caregivers are racialized, those who are may face greater challenges (3). For more information on how racism and\/or discrimination affect immigrant caregivers\u2019 access to services, see<a class=\"experiences-du-racisme\" href=\"#\"><b> Racism and discrimination<\/b><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Language is another key barrier to access. In Quebec, for example, immigrant caregivers who do not have sufficient French to communicate effectively with service providers face significant hurdles. This adds a further layer of difficulty to an already complex caregiving trajectory, compounding the burden and distress they experience (3). To further explorer this topic, see<a href=\"#\" class=\"enjeux-linguistiques\"><b> Language issues<\/b><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Developing this trajectory revealed a gap in the knowledge about 2SLGBTQIA+ immigrant caregivers. Generally speaking, 2SLGBTQIA+ caregivers face greater vulnerability, less visibility, and higher levels of distress than their heterosexual and cisgender peers. Considering the lived experiences and family contexts of this community is therefore vital to provide support tailored to their specific reality (11).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_5 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_10\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"lien-avec-la-personne-aidee\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_9 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_13 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_17 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_15 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform:uppercase;\"><strong>Relationship to the care recipient<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_16 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The nature of the caregiver\u2013care recipient relationship profoundly influences the caregiving trajectory, shaping daily experiences, needs, access to services and more. This relationship can take different forms within immigrant communities, with each situation presenting its own challenges.<\/p>\n<p>As in the general population, immigrant caregivers most often support a parent. However, they are slightly more likely than their Canadian-born counterparts to provide care for a child (31).<\/p>\n<p>It must be noted, too, that not all immigrant caregivers are related to the person they support. In Canada, 14% of immigrant caregivers provide care to a friend or someone with whom they have no marital or family ties (31).<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of the nature of the relationship, immigrant caregivers tend to identify primarily through their bond with the person they support \u2014 as a child, parent, or friend \u2014 rather than as a \u201ccaregiver.\u201d This self-perception can make it harder for their role to be formally recognized (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_6 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_15\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"statut-migratoire\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_10 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_14 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_18 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_17 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform:uppercase;\"><strong>Migratory status<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_18 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>In Quebec, access to public healthcare and services varies widely based on migration status and eligibility for social safeguards. These disparities have a direct impact on the trajectories of immigrant caregivers and the loved ones they support. Constraints tied to legal status add layers of difficulty to the caregiving role, often resulting in financial, emotional and administrative repercussions.<\/p>\n<p>Immigrant caregivers must often contend with a complex healthcare system and exacting bureaucratic procedures, both of which add to an already heavy burden. Those who lack public or private insurance coverage may also need to pay high upfront costs. For precarious or non-status immigrants, fear of deportation can be a major barrier to seeking services\u00a0\u2014 a situation frequently exacerbated by a lack of awareness of their entitlement to certain services or a fear of jeopardizing the immigration process. Consequently, many immigrant caregivers find themselves with unmet healthcare needs, both for themselves and their loved ones (3).<\/p>\n<p>While certain groups fall under the federal <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/immigration-refugees-citizenship\/services\/refugees\/help-within-canada\/health-care.html\">Interim Federal Health Program<\/a><\/span>, most healthcare eligibility is determined by provincial regulations, which vary significantly across Canada. For a detailed look at how migration status affects access, the CoSaMi <span><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpa-recherche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-11-tableau-admissibilite-VF.pdf\">eligibility table<\/a><\/span> (2026, available in French only) offers a representative model of the dozens of immigration sub-categories that dictate a caregiver\u2019s access to support.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_7 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_16\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"reseau-social\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_11 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_15 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_19 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_19 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Social networks<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_20 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Social networks are a lifeline for immigrant caregivers, yet these networks are often limited, if not entirely absent. The migration journey is a decisive factor: a person\u2019s support system may have remained in their country of origin, be scattered across the globe, or simply be unavailable. This is compounded by the demands of caregiving, which can leave little time or energy for maintaining existing social relationships or forging new ones, thereby worsening isolation. For recent arrivals, the likelihood of a limited support network is even higher (3).<\/p>\n<p>While some immigrant caregivers share a home with or live close to their support network (e.g., in intergenerational housing), others must maintain social connections from afar with loved ones who are geographically dispersed (3).<\/p>\n<p>A well-developed, engaged support network makes the caregiving trajectory significantly more bearable. A restricted network, by contrast, is often unable to provide the respite needed to lighten the load. When combined with limited access to formal services \u2014 as is frequently the case for immigrant caregivers \u2014 this lack of support can have significant repercussions on the carer\u2019s physical and mental health (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_3 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>The main difficulty is that I don\u2019t have any close family here [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0] when they were diagnosed, I would have liked to have my mom next to me. [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0] If I had a niece, a sister here, I would have benefited from more respite.<br \/><strong>Eva, caregiver to her child (cited in 3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_8 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_17\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"lieu-de-residence\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_12 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_16 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_20 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_21 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform:uppercase;\"><strong>Geographic location<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_22 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Where a caregiver lives directly influences their access to care and services. In large urban centres, resources are generally more varied and plentiful, which facilitates the caregiving journey. By contrast, caregivers in rural or remote areas face challenges inherent to their location, such as limited service availability, long travel distances, staff shortages, inadequate public transportation and extended wait times. Such geographical disparities create significant inequalities among all caregivers (3, 12).<\/p>\n<p>These gaps are even more pronounced for immigrant caregivers, who often struggle to find services tailored to the specificities of their situation. Resources such as respite care, psychological support, or support groups sensitive to the migratory experience, already scarce, are notably difficult to access in rural areas or underserved neighbourhoods (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_9 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_18\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"entree-en-proche-aidance\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_13 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_17 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_21 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_23 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>ENTRY INTO CAREGIVING<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_24 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Entry into caregiving marks the beginning of the period in which one individual provides significant support to another. For immigrants, the decision to take on this role is shaped by a unique convergence of factors.<\/p>\n<p>As is true for most caregivers, immigrants often view their role as \u201cnatural\u201d or self-evident, rooted in family ties and emotional bonds (3). However, among immigrant populations, this sense of duty can be even more pronounced \u2014 sometimes by choice, and sometimes as a result of migration-related constraints and structural barriers. Such commitment is often deepened by a profound sense of responsibility, devotion and reciprocity, along with deep intergenerational bonds. Ultimately, in a context where the alternative would be simply inconceivable, caregiving becomes a moral obligation (13).<\/p>\n<p>Caring for a loved one, especially an elder, can thus be perceived as a mark of respect and a privilege \u2014 a way of \u201cgiving back\u201d that, for many, serves as a significant source of pride (14). However, researchers and practitioners can place a disproportionate emphasis on this cultural dimension to explain why immigrants are so deeply involved in family care. Too often, this focus serves to justify the underutilization of formal services (3, 15). In reality, becoming a caregiver is frequently a necessity rather than a preference, driven by the absence of strong social networks together with a lack of affordable services that are adapted to their lived realities (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_4 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>I just think I had no choice but to do it, because nobody else was doing it [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0]. <br \/>I don\u2019t know how I did it and I just [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0]. You have what is in front of you and\u00a0[\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0] you do\u00a0what you have to do.<br \/><strong>Linda, caregiver to her former partner, whose family lives outside of Quebec and does not speak French (cited in 3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_25 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The lack of choice is often a direct result of structural constraints within the healthcare system that serve to increase the burden on immigrant caregivers \u2014 language barriers, racism and discrimination, care and service organization, incomplete information, and so on (3). Research indicates that when families underuse formal health services, it is primarily due to access barriers, a lack of available or culturally adapted services, or a failure on the part of professionals or providers to recognize the vital role these caregivers play (3, 29, 30).<\/p>\n<p>The caregiver\u2019s role in this context is also shaped by the sponsorship process. When a caregiver has sponsored a family member, they often see caregiving as a natural extension of their responsibilities in this area, continuing the administrative and navigational support they provided during the migration process (3). At its core, their involvement remains an expression of deep commitment to their loved one\u2019s security and well-being (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_10 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_19\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"arrivee-au-quebec-des-ppa\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_14 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_18 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_22 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_26 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><strong>ARRIVAL IN QUEBEC<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_27 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Immigrant caregivers who settle in Quebec may do so either before or after they take on their caregiving role. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_28 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform:uppercase;\"><strong>When caregiving precedes migration<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The decision to migrate may be motivated, in whole or in part, by caregiving responsibilities:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In some cases, caregivers immigrate to Quebec specifically to join a family member already established there and who requires support (25).<\/li>\n<li>When the care recipient lives abroad, caregivers may seek to bring them to Quebec through family reunification. However, lengthy immigration procedures can often mean that the person\u2019s health has deteriorated significantly by the time they arrive. This immediately increases their support needs, thereby intensifying the caregiving role (3, 5). Furthermore, sponsors face heavy legal and financial obligations: they are responsible for their loved one\u2019s costs, especially since the newcomer is not immediately eligible for coverage under public health insurance. Consequently, even if support was previously provided from a distance, reunification often marks a sharp increase in caregiving demands (3).<\/li>\n<li>Sometimes, immigration is motivated by the desire to access a structured, professional healthcare system that is better equipped to support a loved one\u2019s care needs (25). However, this goal often conflicts with immigration selection criteria, since a person\u2019s health status is subject to medical assessments that can constitute a barrier to admission (16).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_29 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>When migration precedes caregiving<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The onset of caregiving can occur at any point after arrival: sometimes immediately, sometimes only years later. The care recipient may have immigrated alongside the caregiver, arrived at an earlier date, or been born in Quebec (3).<\/p>\n<p>While selection criteria and medical screenings mean that newcomers often arrive in better health than the Quebec-born population, this advantage can quickly fade (16). The migration process itself is a profound stressor; where displacement is forced or marked by past violence, the physical and mental toll is even more acute (17). These pressures, compounded by the precarious living conditions that many face upon arrival, can steadily undermine well-being (3, 16). Ultimately, this decline in health can force families into unanticipated caregiving roles, making migration itself a primary trigger (3).<\/p>\n<p>In this context, family and community networks become essential sources of support, and caregiving responsibilities may emerge or intensify over the course of the migration journey (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_11 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_20\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"experiences-du-racisme\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_15 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_19 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_23 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_30 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>RACISM AND DISCRIMINATION<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_31 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>For many immigrant caregivers, racism and discrimination \u2014 both lived and anticipated \u2014 are major barriers to accessing health and social services. These experiences drive some caregivers to supress any mention of their cultural identity, language or beliefs during clinical interactions for fear of being misunderstood or treated differently (3).<\/p>\n<p>Some even feel forced to alter their physical presence \u2014 such as lowering their voices or suppressing natural gestures \u2014 to counter being perceived as \u201caggressive.\u201d This constant vigilance is mentally taxing and adds an extra layer to the already heavy burden of caregiving (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_5 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Don\u2019t talk about your home country. Don\u2019t talk in your native language. Don\u2019t say anything about where you come from. Just adapt as soon as possible and become part of the mainstream.<br \/><strong>Antoine, caregiver to his mother (cited in 3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_32 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Unconscious biases and stereotypes held by some professionals lead to tangible consequences: symptoms are minimized, tests are dismissed as unnecessary, and concerns are not taken seriously. Caregivers often feel they must repeatedly insist to have their loved ones\u2019 needs recognized and addressed. Some report being treated as less legitimate partners in care, or even ignored (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_6 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>They didn\u2019t listen to our needs. They said, \u201cYou don\u2019t know what you\u2019re saying, we\u2019re the ones who decide.\u201d That\u2019s how it made me feel. [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0] And I think it comes from being an immigrant. It\u2019s like saying, \u201cYou\u2019re not from here, you don\u2019t understand anything. We decide here, and that\u2019s that.\u201d I believe that&#8217;s [what it was]. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Marie, caregiver to her child (cited in 3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_33 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>In some cases, bias can lead professionals to apply different standards based on origin or appearance. For example, racialized mothers have reported feeling judged on their parenting skills rather than supported, particularly when professionals attributed certain child behaviours to a lack of discipline or \u201cpoor parenting\u201d rather than to actual developmental needs (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_7 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Given the racism and discrimination they may encounter in their caregiving journey, immigrant caregivers need:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Recognition as legitimate, competent partners<\/strong> whose concerns deserve to be heard and taken seriously (3).<\/li>\n<li>Access to <strong>professionals who are aware of their own biases<\/strong> and stereotypes and are <strong>trained to provide culturally appropriate care<\/strong> that does not reinforce <strong>power imbalances<\/strong> (3).<\/li>\n<li>The freedom to <strong style=\"font-size: 15px;\">express themselves openly<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">, without the need to monitor their body language or suppress their cultural identity for fear of being judged or misunderstood (3).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_12 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_21\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"organisation-et-acces\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_16 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_20 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_24 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_34 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>SERVICE ORGANIZATION AND ACCESS DIFFICULTIES <\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_35 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Accessing services is often a complex process, particularly for immigrant caregivers. However, securing initial support is only the first step; maintaining these services over time and adapting them to the evolving needs of the care recipient represents an equally significant challenge. The reality of a siloed and disjointed health and social services system \u2014 particularly daunting for newcomers \u2014 frequently leaves caregivers to their devices as they struggle to determine whom to contact, how to secure services, and how to ensure continuity of care (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_8 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>The situation asks me to be active. Because if I don\u2019t, if I am not active, I cannot do anything. Everything I have to do it by myself.<br \/><strong>Lisa, caregiver to her child (cited in 3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_36 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Various structural obstacles also stand in their way, such as high staff turnover, whose consequences are twofold: it hinders the development of trusting relationships; and it often results in inadequately trained personnel who are less equipped to meet family needs (3). Furthermore, caregivers may lose access to support due to staff leave, reassignment or administrative reorganization. Maintaining continuity of care is particularly challenging for immigrant caregivers in linguistic minority settings, especially when professional interpretation is unavailable (3). Long waitlists, underfunding and the unpredictability of home care services compel some caregivers to turn to the private sector for lack of suitable alternatives.<\/p>\n<p>The system\u2019s inflexibility presents further hurdles. Eligibility criteria are often restrictive and fail to account for the complex realities of immigrant caregivers. For example, a caregiver supporting multiple loved ones simultaneously may only be eligible for respite for one of them. Moreover, as a caregiver\u2019s involvement increases, formal services are sometimes reduced \u2014 a discouragingly counterproductive outcome. Finally, the scarcity of culturally appropriate services, including those offered in languages other than French or English, further limits the options available to immigrant caregivers (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_9 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Regarding care and service organization, caregivers need:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To receive <strong>meaningful support in navigating the health and social services system from the first point of contact<\/strong>, including timely referrals to the appropriate resources (3).<\/li>\n<li>Access <strong>designated coordinators who can ensure consistent follow-up throughout the care journey<\/strong>, thus preventing service disruptions caused by reorganizations or staff turnover (3).<\/li>\n<li><strong>More flexible service eligibility criteria<\/strong> that reflect the unique realities and challenges of immigrant caregivers (3).<\/li>\n<li>The development of <strong style=\"font-size: 15px;\">peer support or peer navigation programs<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">, where individuals with lived experience provide hands-on guidance through the health and social services system (3).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_13 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"acces-a-linformation\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_17 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_21 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_25 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_37 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>ACCESS TO INFORMATION<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_38 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>For immigrant caregivers, unfamiliarity with the health and social services system (and public services in general) is a major barrier to accessing support. Many are simply at a loss as to where to begin: what services exist, whom to contact, how to obtain a diagnosis, how to navigate follow-up between various professionals? While this lack of knowledge is especially pronounced for newcomers, it can often persist for years after settlement (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_10 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>When [my child] was born, I\u2019d only been here for four years. I wasn\u2019t as familiar with the culture as I am now. I didn\u2019t know where to go for help either, because I\u2019m not from here. So, that was hard for us too. Even now, could [my child] see a psychologist? Would I even have the right to see one? I don\u2019t know how to go about it or even if I\u2019m entitled. So I still don\u2019t know everything. In my country, I knew what to do, but here, I don\u2019t. I don\u2019t know all the resources. So yes, it\u2019s a challenge, even after 14 years [in Quebec], it\u2019s still a challenge.<br \/><strong>Marie, caregiver to her child (cited in 3) [Free translation]<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_39 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The system itself is fragmented and can be difficult to navigate, characterized by complex forms, long waiting lists, poor communication between services, and a lack of follow-up from staff. When procedures are unclear, some immigrant caregivers end up discouraged and will abandon their efforts to find help. The underuse of services does not always stem from refusal or a lack of need; it can also simply reflect a lack of awareness of their existence. Along with reasonable levels of digital and health literacy and relative fluency in English or French, knowing someone who is familiar with the system can make a considerable difference in accessing information and services (3).<\/p>\n<p>The lack of information also extends to knowledge about the illness or disability itself. Incomplete understanding of these conditions on the part of the caregiver or care recipient can complicate interactions with staff, making decisions more difficult and undermining the relationship of trust with professionals. Such knowledge gaps generate a feeling of powerlessness and further increase the caregiver burden (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_11 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>When confronted with a lack of information, immigrant caregivers need (3):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To be provided with<strong> accessible, comprehensive and timely information <\/strong>\u2014 not just a list of services, but a clear explanation of the steps to follow, the eligibility criteria, and their rights, both for themselves and their loved ones.<\/li>\n<li>To <strong>receive this information<\/strong> <strong>in their own language and at a level appropriate to their familiarity<\/strong> with the health and social services system.<\/li>\n<li>To be informed of <strong>linguistically accessible services<\/strong>, as well as of rights related to interpretation.<\/li>\n<li>To access <strong style=\"font-size: 15px;\">professionals who take the time to explain, encourage them to ask questions, and acknowledge anxieties related to immigration status<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">. Fear of deportation and a lack of awareness of their rights can prevent immigrants with precarious or no status from seeking services.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_14 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"enjeux-linguistiques\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_18 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_22 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_26 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_40 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>LANGUAGE ISSUES<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_41 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>For immigrant caregivers who do not speak the prevailing official language, language is one of the most significant barriers to accessing care and services. Even for individuals with a certain level of English or French proficiency, specific contexts or conditions (stress, emotionally charged situations, etc.) can impair their ability to understand and assimilate information at any given time (3).<\/p>\n<p>Language barriers manifest in various ways. First, information about available services is often inaccessible when it is not provided in a language spoken by the caregiver or the person being cared for. Second, some medical terms may not have equivalents in the caregiver\u2019s native language, which complicates understanding the medical condition. Communication with professionals then becomes difficult, making it harder to establish a relationship of trust. These difficulties intensify and further complicate existing barriers within the health and social services system (3).<\/p>\n<p>Language barriers have concrete consequences for caregivers: risks of medication errors, infringement of the right to informed consent, and breaches of confidentiality. In some cases, caregivers are forced to turn to lower quality or more expensive services because they cannot access services in a language they understand fluently (3).<\/p>\n<p>In the absence of professional interpretation services, which remain largely inaccessible, caregivers often find themselves acting as translators for their loved ones. This responsibility is burdensome in several respects. First, because they are not trained in medical interpretation, errors or misunderstandings can occur with serious clinical consequences. Second, the dual role of caregiver and translator creates an emotional strain: some may intentionally omit or downplay difficult information \u2014 such as a terminal diagnosis or bad news \u2014 to shield their loved one from painful realities. Finally, this role often forces caregivers to take time off work to attend appointments, leading to further loss of income. Acting as an ad hoc translator generates significant stress and distress, adding to the already heavy burden of caregiving (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_12 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Faced with language barriers, caregivers who are not proficient in English or French need:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Access to high-quality <strong>professional interpretation services <\/strong>to ensure the burden of translation does not fall on the caregivers themselves (3).<\/li>\n<li>To <strong>receive information about available services in the language of their choice<\/strong> (3).<\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Relational continuity with service providers:<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"> high staff turnover undermines the establishment of trust, especially for caregivers in an official language minority situation (3).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_15 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"reconnaissance-des-ppa\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_19 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_23 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_27 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_42 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>CAREGIVER RECOGNITION<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_43 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Few immigrant caregivers identify with the formal label of \u201ccaregiver.\u201d For many, providing care is seen as a natural extension of family life; accordingly, they identify first as a parent, sibling, spouse or friend. Many experience difficulties accessing information, leaving them unaware of their rights, of legislation such as the Quebec <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca\/fr\/document\/lc\/R-1.1?langCont=en\"><em>Act to recognize and support caregivers<\/em><\/a><\/span>, or even of the term \u201ccaregiver\u201d itself. Such a lack of self-identification obscures their own needs, ultimately delaying the search for personal support services (3).<\/p>\n<p>Regardless, these caregivers still desire validation from healthcare professionals as true partners in care. Unfortunately, they frequently report feeling \u201cused\u201d or taken for granted, regarded by staff only when a specific task is required of them (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_13 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>[T]his is where I was not recognized except for when it suited the system.<br \/><strong>Linda, caregiver to her former partner (cited in 3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_44 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Furthermore, many tasks performed by immigrant caregivers \u2014 providing interpretation during medical appointments, for example \u2014 are often overlooked as caregiving duties. Indeed, professionals may perceive the caregiver merely as a companion or translator, a bias particularly common when the caregiver is male (25). In reality, translation is a major responsibility that imposes a significant cognitive burden, not least since any misinterpretation can lead to serious consequences for the care recipient\u2019s health.<\/p>\n<p>The needs and concerns expressed by immigrant caregivers are also frequently hindered by a broader lack of recognition. Healthcare professionals may minimize, question, or sideline their requests for support \u2014 for both themselves and their loved ones \u2014 due to language barriers, differing cultural perspectives on care, or implicit biases (3). Such dismissals can delay critical assessments and diagnoses, as well as access to appropriate services, ultimately increasing the caregiver\u2019s burden and further complicating their navigation of the health and social services system (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_14 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Immigrant caregivers who do not self-identify with the role still have essential needs:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To be <strong>identified<\/strong> and <strong>acknowledged<\/strong> by professionals who <strong>understand the diversity of caregiving situations<\/strong>, thereby allowing them to receive support without being forced to label themselves a \u201ccaregiver\u201d (3).<\/li>\n<li>To have access to a <strong>non-judgmental environment where their day-to-day experiences can be expressed<\/strong>, heard and reflected with empathy (3).<\/li>\n<li>To have <strong>support offered based on their concrete responsibilities<\/strong> and in terms that align with their situation, <strong>rather than in response to an imposed \u201ccaregiver\u201d label <\/strong>(14).<\/li>\n<li>For those who struggle to articulate their own needs, a dual approach that, by <strong style=\"font-size: 15px;\">focusing on the interconnected well-being of both caregiver and care recipient<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">, fosters trust and encourages them to seek further support (14).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_15 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" class=\"wp-image-23164\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne Sous trajectoire : la proche aidance transnationale\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Sub-trajectory: transnational caregiving<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Long-distance caregivers supporting a loved one who lives in another province or outside of Canada rarely identify as caregivers and seldom seek support for themselves. While their responsibilities can be immense \u2014 they may coordinate medical care from afar, provide emotional support, or offer financial assistance, among other tasks \u2014 this burden is often carried invisibly, without formal recognition from healthcare professionals, employers, or even their own family or social circles (5).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_16 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"communication-et-partenariat\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_20 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_24 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_28 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_45 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>COMMUNICATION AND PARTNERSHIP WITH CARE TEAMS<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_46 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Communication with professionals can be a major challenge for immigrant caregivers. The difficulties extend beyond language barriers; even those fluent in English or French have reported that medical jargon hampers understanding of the care recipient\u2019s condition or of the support required. Further complicating matters are the difficulty of reaching staff, a lack of follow-up, and at times, unempathetic attitudes. This can discourage caregivers from seeking help, as they may feel judged or perceived as \u201cdemanding,\u201d giving rise to a sense of unease and a hesitation to speak up (3).<\/p>\n<p>These communication gaps are not inconsequential: they can foster a deep-seated mistrust of services and, in some cases, lead to medical errors with significant repercussions (3).<\/p>\n<p>When communication breaks down, it also undermines the care partnership. Inconsistent follow-up, inaccessible information, and a sense of being unheard can fracture the relationship of trust, causing caregivers to become less active in the care process (3). This highlights how vital a relationship of trust with professionals is to the immigrant caregiver\u2019s experience. Strong trust facilitates collaboration, encourages open communication, and can have a profoundly positive impact on the entire caregiving trajectory for both the caregiver and the person they support (3, 24).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_17 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"recherche-et-acces-aidees\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_21 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_25 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_29 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_47 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>SEEKING AND ACCESSING SUPPORT FOR THE CARE RECIPIENT<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_48 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Finding and accessing services for the care recipient represents a key juncture in the immigrant caregiver\u2019s trajectory; as with all caregivers, their own well-being is deeply intertwined with that of the person they support (3). Generally, immigrant caregivers find that when the care recipient\u2019s needs are met through reliable, accessible and tailored services, their own quality of life improves and their caregiving experience becomes significantly more manageable (3).<\/p>\n<p>Numerous studies indicate that immigrants are less likely to utilize services, a situation attributed to several factors (3):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Some immigrant caregivers prioritize family-based care over formal health and social services. This may stem from a desire for privacy, the stigma associated with certain physical or psychological incapacities, or differing cultural perceptions of illness and disability.<\/li>\n<li>Low service uptake is also linked to a lack of information, unawareness of their rights, language barriers, and overly complex administrative procedures. These challenges manifest as linguistic, administrative, financial, and sometimes racial barriers that limit recourse to existing services.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Furthermore, health professionals often presume that immigrant caregivers receive ample family support, due to perceived norms of family solidarity. In reality, these caregivers are often isolated and face significant financial hardship. The absence of an extended family network due to migration, combined with socioeconomic instability, can leave immigrant caregivers profoundly vulnerable. Even when a social network exists, it is not always involved in providing care. Such professional perceptions can ultimately delay access to essential support (3, 15).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_49 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Diagnosis<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Across many caregiving trajectories, the care recipient\u2019s diagnosis marks a turning point, often serving as the gateway to professional and specialized services.<\/p>\n<p>For immigrant caregivers, obtaining a diagnosis can be delayed for several reasons (3):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Information gaps<\/strong>: A lack of information, particularly when it is unavailable in the native language of the caregiver or care recipient, complicates the diagnostic process. This is often aggravated by limited knowledge of specific diseases and unfamiliarity with how the health and social services system functions \u2014 a challenge that is magnified for recent arrivals. Professionals must encourage caregivers to ask questions and share relevant information, taking the time needed to build trust (3, 19).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lack of access to professionals<\/strong>: Due to precarious immigration status or other systemic barriers, many caregivers lack access to a family doctor or are unable to consult specialists (3).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Differing perceptions of illness<\/strong>: Varying understandings of certain conditions can lead to mutual mistrust between professionals, caregivers and care recipients. For example, within some minority communities, neurocognitive or mental health disorders may be heavily stigmatized (3, 20). In such cases, accepting a professional diagnosis can prove difficult for both the patient and the caregiver.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul><\/ul>\n<p>If language barriers are present, the burden of communicating the diagnosis to the care recipient or other family members often falls upon the caregiver. This can trigger family tensions, placing the caregiver in a delicate position and further complicating their caregiving trajectory (21). Ultimately, a delayed diagnosis prevents timely treatment, compounding the caregiver\u2019s burden, as they must compensate for the absence of professional support (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_50 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Residential care<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Studies show that immigrant caregivers are reluctant to consider moving the care recipient into residential care (e.g., long-term care facilities, private retirement homes, assisted living) (20, 22). This hesitation is primarily driven by a fear that the person\u2019s needs \u2014 particularly regarding dietary or religious practices \u2014 will not be understood or respected (22). However, it may also stem from a general mistrust of public institutions and professionals, or from a fear of experiencing racism or discrimination (20).<\/p>\n<p>Consequently, immigrant caregivers often prefer to keep the care recipient at home, despite significant support needs. This choice increases their burden and can negatively impact their physical and psychological health. A lack of access to tailored, affordable home support services makes these caregiving responsibilities even more difficult to manage (3, 23).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_51 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Seeking alternative forms of support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Faced with numerous barriers to formal care, many immigrant caregivers seek to fill systemic gaps or supplement existing services with alternative forms of support.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_52 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h4 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Remote consultations<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Various factors \u2014 communication barriers, the difficulty of building trust with professionals, long waitlists, and the high cost of private services \u2014 lead some caregivers to seek treatment for their loved one in their country of origin, where wait times may be shorter and care more culturally appropriate and affordable. Others opt for remote medical consultations. While these solutions help bypass certain barriers, they bring their own challenges. For example, obtaining comprehensive information on the care recipient\u2019s health status becomes more difficult, and a sense of powerlessness due to the distance can set in (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_53 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h4 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Community organizations<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Immigrant-serving organizations (ISOs) play a central role for caregivers struggling to navigate the health and social services system. Acting as gateways to formal services, these organizations support newcomers by providing information, referrals, and assistance with integration and accessing services in their own language. By building a foundation of trust, ISOs bridge the gap between immigrant communities and the host society. Therefore, promoting these organizations\u2019 services to both immigrant caregivers and health professionals is crucial (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_54 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h4 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Religious organizations<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>For some immigrant caregivers, religious communities serve as a vital safety net. These institutions provide information and referrals, raise awareness about conditions such as dementia or mental health disorders, and offer hands-on assistance, including home visits, emotional support, transportation and meal preparation. For many communities, places of worship and the ties formed within them play a pivotal role in how support is organized and delivered (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_55 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h4 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Support networks<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>When available, family and social networks are a valuable resource for immigrant caregivers facing barriers to formal services, as they help distribute caregiving responsibilities more effectively. Support from these networks can take many forms (emotional, financial, or practical) and help alleviate the caregiver&#8217;s burden. However, these networks are often fragmented or nonexistent in the migration context, limiting this option for many caregivers (3). To learn more, see<a href=\"#\" class=\"reseau-social\"><b> Social networks<\/b><\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_18 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"recherche-et-acces-ppa\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_22 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_26 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_30 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_56 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>SEEKING AND ACCESSING SUPPORT FOR CAREGIVERS<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_57 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Resources and support can play a vital role in the immigrant caregiver trajectory. This support can stem from various sources and take many different forms.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_58 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Enhancing support for the care recipient<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Providing adequate services and resources for care recipients remains one of the best ways to help immigrant caregivers, as it directly eases their workload. This support is particularly vital in light of the converging factors that often render the burden for immigrant caregivers especially heavy: a sparse or absent support network, language barriers, financial insecurity, and the challenges of navigating a health and social services system that is frequently ill-equipped to support their specific realities (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_59 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Services for caregivers<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Despite their needs, immigrant caregivers are generally less likely to seek support for themselves (3, 25):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>They may struggle to recognize or articulate their own needs, which delays the process of seeking support.<\/li>\n<li>They often set aside their own well-being to focus entirely on the person they support.<\/li>\n<li>The sheer weight of their responsibilities can limit their ability to find and access services (e.g., due to a lack of time).<\/li>\n<li>They are more likely to be unaware of their rights or of the specialized resources and services available to caregivers.<\/li>\n<li>Even when aware of the available services, they often face obstacles to access, such as strict eligibility criteria, complex administrative procedures, language barriers, or services that are not adapted to their needs.<\/li>\n<li>Previous negative interactions with public services may make them reluctant to reach out again.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_60 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Psychosocial support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Under strain from the burden of caregiving and multiple intersecting vulnerabilities, immigrant caregivers have a pressing need for psychosocial support tailored to their situation (17).<\/p>\n<p>Such support must account for the specific challenges \u2014 mistrust of institutions, fear of judgment, the need for interpretation, or precarious immigration status \u2014 that can deter them from seeking help. Support should be provided within a safe, non-judgmental framework and, whenever possible, in the caregiver\u2019s native language (3).<\/p>\n<p>However, these caregivers often fall through the cracks of specialized caregiving services, which may not fully consider the complexities of the migration experience. Long waitlists for public services constitute an additional barrier. As a result, community and settlement organizations frequently become their primary (and sometimes only) point of access for psychosocial support (3). Others may choose to seek psychological support remotely, such as from resources in their country of origin (25).<\/p>\n<ul><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_61 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Financial support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>In Canada, immigrant caregivers face significantly greater financial strain than non-immigrant caregivers (28) and are twice as likely to report a household income below $20,000 (28).<\/p>\n<p>Many immigrants face significant financial vulnerability due to costly immigration processes, underemployment and other systemic barriers. For those with precarious or no legal status, this situation is even more acute, limiting their access to both the labour market and essential social safety nets.<\/p>\n<p>Caregiving responsibilities can rapidly exacerbate financial instability by necessitating reduced working hours, relocation, home adaptations, or reliance on private services (3). Regarding the existing financial assistance, immigrant caregivers often fail to accumulate enough working hours to qualify for benefits \u2014 such as Employment Insurance (EI) or caregiver tax credits \u2014 because they are unable to work full-time (3). Consequently, there is an urgent need to both develop financial supports that better reflect their reality and streamline or relax often-stringent eligibility criteria.<\/p>\n<ul><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_62 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Respite<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Respite is a critical need for immigrant caregivers, who often face heightened social isolation due to the geographic dispersal of their natural support networks. Especially for those who have recently arrived, the lack of a local circle of care means they often cannot delegate tasks to friends or family, leaving them with very little time for themselves (3).<\/p>\n<p>Respite services must be flexible and personalized to be effective, and a relationship of trust must be established between the caregiver and service providers to help alleviate the guilt associated with taking time for oneself (3).<\/p>\n<p>In some cases, the care recipient may refuse outside help, forcing the caregiver into an even more demanding role \u2014 especially if the care recipient does not speak English or French. It is therefore essential to adapt services for the care recipient, particularly regarding home support, to prevent the full weight of caregiving from falling on the caregiver (3, 27).<\/p>\n<ul><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_63 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Spirituality and religion<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>For many immigrant caregivers, spirituality and religion are vital sources of support and solace. Places of worship often function as community hubs where caregivers can build social connections and offer mutual aid (3, 18). This support can take many forms, including direct assistance with caregiving tasks, respite, referrals to accessible community resources, or advice on navigating psychosocial support and the healthcare system (18).<\/p>\n<p>Spirituality can help caregivers find meaning in the often-challenging experience of providing care. It can also guide decision-making and provide much-needed opportunities for personal renewal and reflection (3).<\/p>\n<ul><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_16 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image et_animated\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" class=\"wp-image-23164\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne Sous trajectoire : la proche aidance transnationale\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Sub-trajectory: transnational caregiving<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Caregivers supporting a loved one from afar are often ineligible for dedicated caregiver services, as resources are typically designed for dyads residing in the same province. This inaccessibility deprives them of essential support, even as they shoulder a significant burden \u2014 coordinating care from a distance, providing emotional support, and often contributing financially. This structural exclusion further intensifies their isolation and the risk of burnout (5).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_19 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"sortie-et-post-aidance\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_23 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_27 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_31 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_64 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>END OF CAREGIVING AND POST-CAREGIVING<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_65 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>As with non-immigrant caregivers, there is no single or \u201ctypical\u201d path out of caregiving for immigrant caregivers. This transition can take many forms: the death of the care recipient, the arrival of others in the support network who can share responsibilities, or the return of the caregiver or care recipient to their country of origin. The nature of this transition varies depending on the care recipient\u2019s specific health needs and their relationship with the caregiver.<\/p>\n<p>Reflecting broader demographic shifts toward an aging population, immigrant caregivers are increasingly called upon to provide end-of-life care. For instance, data from Montreal indicates that the vast majority of older adults born outside of Canada age and die in their adopted city (7). This reality raises unique challenges for the caregivers who support them through this final stage.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_66 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Palliative and end-of-life care<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Access to palliative care and related services remains highly unequal across Quebec and the rest of Canada. Research has shown that immigrants, particularly older adults at the end of life, have less access to palliative care than non-immigrants (24). A diagnosis of a serious illness does not guarantee access to these services, which are frequently concentrated in hospitals and remain difficult to access without a terminal prognosis. Furthermore, many incurable conditions \u2014 including neurodegenerative, pulmonary, and age-related illnesses \u2014 are not consistently recognized as life-limiting, which limits eligibility for care. This option is also rarely discussed with families, due in part to the difficulty of establishing a prognosis or a failure to communicate it in a timely manner (3, 24).<\/p>\n<p>Conversely, even when palliative care is offered, immigrant caregivers may be reluctant to use it. This hesitation may stem from differing understandings of what palliative care entails \u2014 for example, perceiving the discontinuation of treatment as abandonment \u2014 or from varying beliefs and values regarding life and death (3, 24). It may also be rooted in a fear that their requests and concerns will not be respected, or that the care provided will fall short of their needs (3, 24). Inaccessible or inflexible care, particularly when language interpretation is unavailable, fails to support immigrant caregivers and instead adds to their overall burden (3).<\/p>\n<p>The decision to accept palliative or end-of-life care can give rise to new challenges. Certain misconceptions among providers can create barriers, notably the belief that immigrant families do not want external services. However, even when families prefer to keep their loved one at home, this does not mean they are refusing professional support (7).<\/p>\n<p>Individuals whose immigration status does not qualify them for public health insurance are often excluded from public end-of-life home care. In these cases, caregivers must manage the continuity of care alone \u2014 often hiring private staff, purchasing equipment out-of-pocket, or even considering a return to their country of origin for the final stages of life. Others choose to remain in Canada to stay with their local family network, but must do so without the benefit of public health services (24).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_17 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/icone-besoins-1.png 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" class=\"wp-image-19769 wp-image-11612\" alt=\"CAREGIVERS\u2019 NEEDS\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">CAREGIVER NEEDS<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>Immigrant caregivers emphasize the <strong>need for their perspectives to be heard and valued in decisions regarding palliative and end-of-life care<\/strong>. While this is a universal need, it is particularly vital when disagreements arise, as the quality of the trust established with healthcare teams becomes the deciding factor in the family\u2019s sense of support, satisfaction with care and engagement as partners (7).<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, these caregivers <strong>require home-based services that are not only affordable and reliable, but also culturally safe<\/strong>, ensuring that those who wish to keep their loved ones at home during their final days can do so with confidence (3, 7).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_18 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap et_pb_only_image_mode_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/trajectoire-PPA-immigrantes-Sous-trajectoire-proche-aidance-transnationale.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" class=\"wp-image-23164\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne Sous trajectoire : la proche aidance transnationale\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><h4 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Sub-trajectory: transnational caregiving<\/h4><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>In end-of-life situations where the care recipient resides abroad, immigrant caregivers often continue to provide significant support, offering guidance and decision-making assistance from a distance (24).<\/p>\n<p>At these critical times, caregivers may choose to travel to be with the dying person, provide support and participate in funeral rites. However, doing so entails considerable financial expense. This burden is compounded by a lack of formal recognition from employers: bereavement or family leave remains frequently inaccessible, as current policies often fail to account for the unique realities of transnational caregiving (3, 24).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_67 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Post-caregiving<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The end of the caregiving role often marks the start of a new period of transition \u2014 a time when many caregivers must redefine their identity, long built around their role as a supporter. This process can be particularly difficult for those who have carried a heavy burden, as is frequently the case for immigrant caregivers (3). After years dedicated to supporting a loved one, reconnecting with oneself and rebuilding a daily routine can prove difficult. It is therefore both important and relevant to offer caregivers resources and support even after their role has ended.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"el_modal_popup_20 el_modal_popup et_pb_module\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_trigger_element_wrapper\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_wrapper el_modal_popup_center el_modal_popup_close_on_background_click\" data-disable-website-scroll=\"on\" data-id=\"el_modal_popup_module_22\" data-re-render=\"on\" data-autoplay-video=\"off\" data-trigger-type=\"element\" data-trigger-delay=\"3000ms\" data-trigger-element-class=\"integration-economique\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_inner_wrap el_modal_popup_animated et_animated\" data-animation-repeat=\"once\" data-animation-style=\"fade\" data-animation-duration=\"400ms\" data-animation-delay=\"0ms\" data-animation-intensity=\"50%\" data-animation-starting_opacity=\"0\" data-animation-speed_curve=\"ease-in-out\" data-animation-class=\"\"><div class=\"el_modal_popup_body\"><div class=\"et_pb_section_24 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section preset--group--divi-section--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_28 et_pb_row et_block_row preset--group--divi-row--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_32 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough preset--group--divi-column--divi-transition--default\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_68 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INTEGRATION<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_69 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>For immigrant caregivers, integration into a new community and the caregiving trajectory are often mutually influential. This is especially true for newcomers, already juggling multiple responsibilities \u2014 finding employment, caring for family, navigating unfamiliar systems (political, educational, healthcare, etc.), seeking credential recognition, and learning the language. Taking on caregiving in this context can significantly hinder the integration process; at the same time, the pressures of integration can diminish a caregiver\u2019s capacity to support their loved one (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_70 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Language learning<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Language proficiency is a central issue in the journey of immigrant caregivers when the local language is neither their native tongue nor one they have mastered. Those still in the process of learning the language face difficulties with social integration and interactions within the host society.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_blurb_19 et_pb_blurb et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blurb_position_left et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-blurb--divi-transition--default preset--module--divi-blurb--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_content\"><div class=\"et_pb_main_blurb_image\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">8<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_container\"><div class=\"et_pb_blurb_description\"><p>My French was [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0] too bad. I didn\u2019t speak French properly. I had to think about it, sometimes even write my sentences down before a phone call [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0] So, I struggled with communication [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0] And you\u2019re trying to integrate, but you don\u2019t understand [\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0]: \u201cIs this okay to do? If I ask for this, is that allowed? Is that how you say it? Is this the right way?\u201d You\u2019re always second-guessing yourself. [Free translation]<br \/><strong>Marie, caregiver to her child (cited in 3)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_71 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>A lack of time \u2014 often due to caregiving responsibilities \u2014 compounds the difficulty of language acquisition. This is particularly evident in Quebec, where a stipend is provided specifically for full-time participation in French language courses. For immigrant caregivers, committing to the required hours to secure this income creates a significant conflict with their caregiving duties, often stalling their linguistic integration (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_72 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-transition--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase;\"><strong>Employment<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Occupational downgrading can significantly affect the career paths of immigrant caregivers, who are more likely than Canadian workers to be employed in positions below their skill level or training (3). In many cases, this is primarily linked to the migration experience. Lack of recognition of foreign credentials or experience further limits access to the types of flexible employment that allow work to be balanced with caregiving (3). Moreover, being forced to reduce working hours to fulfill caregiving duties negatively impacts not only the financial situation of immigrant caregivers, but also their sense of belonging and integration into the host society (3).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><span class=\"et-pb-icon el_modal_popup_close el_modal_popup_close_icon\">Q<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":23898,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-23897","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers - Observatoireprocheaidance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers - Observatoireprocheaidance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Observatoireprocheaidance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-17T16:41:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1575\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"54 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/\",\"name\":\"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers - Observatoireprocheaidance\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-20T15:28:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-17T16:41:22+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png\",\"width\":2800,\"height\":1575,\"caption\":\"Trajectoire des personnes proches aidantes (PPP) immigrantes\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Observatoireprocheaidance\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Observatoire Proche Aidance\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/Observatoire-de-la-proche-aidance_F-01.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/10\\\/Observatoire-de-la-proche-aidance_F-01.png\",\"width\":1327,\"height\":426,\"caption\":\"Observatoire Proche Aidance\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers - Observatoireprocheaidance","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers - Observatoireprocheaidance","og_url":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/","og_site_name":"Observatoireprocheaidance","article_modified_time":"2026-07-17T16:41:22+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2800,"height":1575,"url":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"54 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/","name":"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers - Observatoireprocheaidance","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png","datePublished":"2026-05-20T15:28:34+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-17T16:41:22+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Trajectoire-des-personnes-proches-aidantes-PPP-immigrantes.png","width":2800,"height":1575,"caption":"Trajectoire des personnes proches aidantes (PPP) immigrantes"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/trajectory-of-immigrant-caregivers\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Trajectory of Immigrant Caregivers"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/","name":"Observatoireprocheaidance","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/#organization","name":"Observatoire Proche Aidance","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Observatoire-de-la-proche-aidance_F-01.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Observatoire-de-la-proche-aidance_F-01.png","width":1327,"height":426,"caption":"Observatoire Proche Aidance"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23897"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23897\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26172,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23897\/revisions\/26172"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprocheaidance.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}